Dissent Of The Day

For those interested in the history of British conservatism:

As a historian of Britain (specializing in the Whig party) I watched with interest the video you linked to (and praised) about the history of the Tory party.  Although an American who votes Democratic, if British I would almost certainly support the Tory party.  But this video is hardly what’s going to make me do it, for while a good amount of it is accurate and interesting, other bits are, to use a phrase, problematic.

First, Burke and Pitt both self-identified as Whigs and while most of Pitt’s followers became "Tories", the idea that Burke created the philosophical underpinnings of the Tory party grossly neglects the fact that his legacy is far more debatable than that.  You, for instance, have far more in common philosophically with Burke’s bete noir Thomas Paine and his emphasis on the equality of all men than you do with Burke’s single most important political importance–the necessity of a hereditary elite.

Second, Pitt, in addition to building up the military, also suspended Habeas Corpus, put people on trial for their political opinions (though unsuccessfully), passed a Seditious Meetings Act forbidding people to meet privately and peacefully if the government disapproved and took other steps that even his supporter the Times called "harsh measures against the liberties" of the subject.

Third, while the Duke of Wellington did help repeal the laws against Catholic participation in government, he fought so hard against every other political reform that fellow conservatives accused him of helping to increase the chance of a revolution.

Fourth, although Pitt was influenced by Smith and did lower some trade tariffs, he never pursued free trade as a system, passed other new tariffs, and his successors in what we will call here the Tory party passed the anti-free-trade laws, the corn duties, and drove Peel out of the party in an attempt to keep them at all costs. Peel’s free-trade supporters, like Gladstone, largely ended up opposing the Tories, and opposition to free trade is one of the things that drew Joseph Chamberlain, for instance, to the Tory party.

Fifth, while Baldwin (who, note, is the PM who ended the free trade policy dating back to 1848) is given credit for old-age pensions, it was actually the Liberal government nearly two decades earlier who had created old-age pensions (under the relevant minister, one Winston Churchill), Baldwin was merely expanding the system the direction already planned before he took office.

Sixth, to give the Tory party credit for health coverage "for all" is to radically misunderstand the politics that led to the creation of the NHS.

Seventh, I’m not sure that giving the Tory party "credit" for restricting  child labor in  1937  is as much of a recommendation as the video seems to think.  This had been first proposed nearly a century before by Lord Shaftesbury (who was, I must state, a conservative).

Eight, Rent control??

Ninth, all credit to Churchill, but he was only made leader of the Tory party because Labour refused to back the preferred candidate of the Tory MPs, the pro-treaty with Hitler Halifax.

Tenth, the 1944 Education Act was passed under a National Government in which Clement Attlee was Deputy PM and while the Tory minister in charge, RAB Butler, was the primary author, it was supported by all parties in the government.

Eleventh, standards of living may have been up 50% under the Macmillan government, but given that the increases were actually quite modest this a.) does not reflect well on previous Conservative governments and b.) ignores the collapse in Britain’s relative standard of living.

Twelfth, the section about Thatcher is the most accurate, but it does conveniently ignore that a large number of the things she is credited with undoing or fixing had been created by previous Tory governments.

Thirteenth, it is news to me that John Major won the Gulf War.