Debt And Culture

by Conor Friedersdorf

Until now, I'd only read positive stories about microfinance:

More than 70 people committed suicide in the state from March 1 to Nov. 19 to escape payments or end the agonies their debt had triggered, according to the Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty, a government agency that compiled the data on the microfinance-related deaths from police and press reports.

Andhra Pradesh, where three-quarters of the 76 million people live in rural areas, suffered a total of 14,364 suicide cases in the first nine months of 2010, according to state police.

A growing number of microfinance-related deaths spurred the state to clamp down on collection practices in mid-October, says Reddy Subrahmanyam, principal secretary for rural development.

“Every life is important,” he says.

What a disheartening story. The work of finding a way for the developing world to climb up from poverty is so damned uncertain.

The Fight Over For Profit Colleges

by Conor Friedersdorf

That's the subject of this Tim Carney piece. But it might as well be about any number of Washington DC policy fights – everyone is trying to game the system in ways that would give people outside the profession of politics trouble sleeping. It's too complicated to excerpt (which is why the hucksters can get away with it). That reminds me that if you want to understand how lobbying in DC works, and you're willing to invest a bit of time, this Washington Post series is better than anything I've ever come across on the subject.

“Psychiatry Off A Cliff”

by Zoë Pollock

Gary Greenberg sheds light on the battle over the next DSM and what it can mean for the future of our mental health:

“We made mistakes that had terrible consequences,” [Allen Frances, lead editor of the fourth edition of the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders] says. Diagnoses of autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and bipolar disorder skyrocketed, and Frances thinks his manual inadvertently facilitated these epidemics—and, in the bargain, fostered an increasing tendency to chalk up life’s difficulties to mental illness and then treat them with psychiatric drugs. …

At stake in the fight between Frances and the APA is more than professional turf, more than careers and reputations, more than the $6.5 million in sales that the DSM averages each year. The book is the basis of psychiatrists’ authority to pronounce upon our mental health, to command health care dollars from insurance companies for treatment and from government agencies for research. It is as important to psychiatrists as the Constitution is to the US government or the Bible is to Christians.

It Made All The World A Sunny Day

by Conor Friedersdorf

The New York Times reports on the end of an era:

PARSONS, Kan. — An unlikely pilgrimage is under way to Dwayne’s Photo, a small family business that has through luck and persistence become the last processor in the world of Kodachrome, the first successful color film and still the most beloved.

What grabbed me is this anecdote:

In the span of minutes this week, two such visitors arrived. The first was a railroad worker who had driven from Arkansas to pick up 1,580 rolls of film that he had just paid $15,798 to develop. The second was an artist who had driven directly here after flying from London to Wichita, Kan., on her first trip to the United States to turn in three rolls of film and shoot five more before the processing deadline.

The artist, Aliceson Carter, 42, was incredulous as she watched the railroad worker, Jim DeNike, 53, loading a dozen boxes that contained nearly 50,000 slides into his old maroon Pontiac. He explained that every picture inside was of railroad trains and that he had borrowed money from his father’s retirement account to pay for developing them.

One Christmas gift I gave this year was an album of photographs. I took them on my Nikon D60, ordered 8 X 12 prints from SmugMug, and quite enjoyed what I received in the mail. It occured to me that I hadn't ever ordered or produced a physical copy of a photograph since switching to digital cameras years ago. It's no longer necessary.

But especially if you're able to order images on the bigger side, it's a worthwhile experience, and makes you want to take even better pictures (so much so that I'm now lusting over the Canon EOS 5D Mark II, which I definitely can't afford). I have this idea that one day I'll live in a house whose walls I'll adorn with photographs I've taken so that always I'm surrounded by scores of memory triggers that evoke past adventures. For whatever reason, I find myself to be much more reflective gazing upon images that aren't on a screen. Perhaps it has something to do with the added permanence and extra investment put into producing them.

Safe Haven For Bad Journalists

by Zoë Pollock

In classic style, Alex Pareene gloats about Judith Miller's new gig at Newsmax, "a goofy right-wing magazine where conservatives you've never heard of (and John Stossel, apparently) report, constantly, that Barack Obama is bad and unpopular":

While someone who's wrong about everything is an odd hire for any magazine, even one that exists mostly to sell old people Acai berries, Judith Miller, you must remember, was fired by the liberal New York Times. If liberals hate her, Fox and Newsmax will have her, no matter her sins.

But this must still be galling to Judith. Becoming a right-wing martyr is generally a pretty good career move — it'll make Juan Williams a millionaire — but Judy Miller is used to the respect afforded a New York Times foreign correspondent superstar. Filing a piece from Iraq to a wingnut's pet newsletter is probably not how she envisioned her career shaping up.

But it works for me.

The Military Industrial Complex, Ctd

by Conor Friedersdorf

Here's Will Wilkinson commenting on former generals going to work for defense contractors:

America's drawn-out wars abroad are stupendously expensive. The stupendous expense of course attracts profit-seeking firms rather like sharks to blood. And the wars are so drawn out in part because, as Mr Fallows and Robert Gates suggest, there's nothing concrete at stake for most Americans. Like the hum of an air conditioner, after a while, one simply stops noticing the wars are there, much less that many billions of taxpayer dollars are thereby making some private citizens immensely rich.

However, I don't think we ought to overlook the extent to which the rise of military corporatism (or is it corporatist militarism?) has been helped by the public-relations victories of the ideological advocates of American supremacy at Fox News, the Weekly Standard, and the Washington Post op-ed page.

Among those victories is the close connection in the public mind between support for America's wars—for American military might in general—and American patriotism. That's why we don't much see putatively limited-government tea partiers decrying the relationship of symbiotic parasitism between arms makers and the war-making state. As the first of Glenn Beck's nine principles puts it, "America is good". So America's wars are ipso facto good wars. And, heck, if we need new armoured ground vehicles to win our good wars, don't we want experienced men—old soldiers who really know what they're talking about—levelling the sales pitch to the officers who rose to fill their vacated combat boots?

The Mushroom Closet

by Chris Bodenner

A reader writes:

To add to the mushroom closet: My wife was traveling in Mexico at a transition period in her life. She had been accepted into a graduate program to study archaeology, but wasn’t sure if she wanted to go forward with it. While walking with another traveller outside the ruins at Palenque, a little man appeared out of the jungle, waving a little baggy like some kind of Mayan drug gnome, saying “Hongos, hongos, hongos!’ She bought the mushrooms from him, ate them, and wandered through the ruins.

While tripping, she had a powerful realization that the jungle was overtaking the ruins, that the plants were alive while the ruins were dead, and that true power, or at least the power that she could feel and respond to, was in the plants and landscape rather than the architecture. She decided to study landscape architecture and horticulture instead of archaeology, and now, ten years later, she has a masters in landscape architecture and is becoming a somewhat prominent figure in the field. No regrets or second thoughts about making to a life decision while under the influence of a hallucinogen.

Another writes:

When I was in my late teens I was introduced to psilocybin mushrooms, and it was a revelation.

Aside from enjoying my beer, I’ve never been much of a drug user (I don’t really ‘get’ the appeal of marijuana). Psilocybin helped me to understand and take control of my ‘ego’ (“ego death” is a common – temporary – effect of psychedelic drugs).

In my 20s, I went on something of a mushroom bender for about a week, and it changed my life. Sitting on a perch at a nightclub by myself, I sat and people-watched for hours, several nights that week. As I did, the influence of ‘ego’ on peoples’ behaviours became crystal clear to me, as if they were walking around with illuminated ego-meters on their shirts. I watched as people posed, strutted, and searched for admiration and affirmation in the shallow waters of a dance club. I thought deeply about myself in my daily life, and realised that I was one of those people. Every day. I guess you could say I didn’t like what I found.

That realisation stuck with me, and from that point forward, each day I made a conscious effort to be more at home in my own skin, and less worried about feeding my ego – but without losing my ambition to do things and achieve things for their own sake. But not to impress people.

Another thing that happened that week was that I fell in love a little bit. A girl whom I’d previously dismissed as a bit of a groupie came and joined me on my nightclub perch one of those nights. All of a sudden I was really hearing her, understanding her, listening to the musical sound of her voice. She turned out to be an amazing young lady. There’s no happily-ever-after ending to this story, but she remains one of my most warmly-remembered ex girlfriends.

Since 2005, when fresh magic mushrooms became illegal in Great Britain (and thus difficult to buy, since I’m not someone who knows any drug dealers) I’ve taken up cultivation for personal use, and in the process discovered a fascinating hobby. Mycology can be an extremely addictive and challenging pastime. Nowadays, I probably spend less of my time growing my favourite drug, and more studying and growing gourmet mushrooms.

Question Of The Week: “The Organization Kid”

by Conor Friedersdorf

A reader writes:

I'm not going to touch books, because there are too many, but the magazine article that came to mind immediately was "The Organization Kid," from the April 2001 Atlantic.

I was assigned the article as a junior in high school, a time when my friends and I were starting to look ahead to the rat race of college admissions. Brooks' assessment of my achievement-oriented generation as successful but empty struck a deep chord in the questions I was asking myself at the time. During the class discussion, my teacher posed a thought experiment: he could teach us a rich, intellectually satisfying course on moral philosophy, or he could teach us a numbing course that would lift our SAT scores significantly. My friend replied that he would take the SAT course, and then take the intellectually-satisfying course in college — to which the teacher replied that it doesn't work like that, because in college the choices are between LSAT (or GMAT, or MCAT…) and meaning. The cycle then continues, on and on. I vowed right then to work for things for my own reasons, because I wanted them, not because it would earn me a gold star.

The article reads as a little dated, now, 9/11 and the recession having interrupted the easy march toward success that Brooks' Princetonians were betting on. Yet having gone to college in a similar environment, I've met way too many kids who just take the deal and refuse to look critically at why they do what they do, what it means morally, and what they really want. God knows I struggle with those questions daily, but without Brooks, I'm not sure I'd be asking them.