Tyler Cowen notes that it is "harder to make a mandate work when a) health care costs are high, and b) income inequality is high." His worry:
Circa 2080, imagine a world with two classes, the very rich and the fairly poor. The very rich pay thirty percent of their $1 million a year incomes on health care. The fairly poor earn $100,000 a year. How are we supposed to roughly equalize health care consumption? Does it make sense to give the fairly poor 3/4 of their real income ($300,000 out of a total of $100,000 cash plus $300,000 health care benefits) in the form of health care benefits? And could we enforce that with a mandate + subsidy? Probably not.