April 2013 – Page 3

When The Rubber Hits The Road

If we’re honest, many of us do see condoms as robbing us of pleasure, stealing some excitement and spontaneity from intimacy, and dulling the intensity of sexuality. It’s okay to say that. These factors are the primary reasons that still only 60 percent of teenagers claim to use condoms. These factors warrant acknowledging. From there, condom usage declines as people grow older. The number one reason we have seen given time and again for refusal to wear condoms is the reduction of pleasure.

It is politically incorrect to acknowledge the truth and simplicity of the condom’s inadequacy. Criticism of the condom opens one to righteous demonization and condemnation. Condom defenders often stifle honest and helpful discussion about sexuality, unplanned pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections.

It’s amazing to me that the simple fact that covering your penis in rubber desensitizes it is somehow a taboo topic, too risky to say in case some men use it as an excuse to be rid of them, or demand their female partners use contraception rather than them. On the other hand, many men need the extra protection from premature ejaculation, as these 22 condom ads (including the one above) illustrate. Masciotra touches upon another taboo:

[T]he chance of pregnancy by pre-cum is so remote that it is a statistical nonfactor. … Sex researcher Dr. Rachel Jones at the Guttmacher Institute recently published a study in the journal Contraception that found that the “withdrawal method of birth control is nearly as effective as condoms in preventing pregnancy.” By the study’s measures, “pulling out” had a failure rate of four percent, while condoms had a failure rate of two percent.

Shhhh.

Why Launch Another War?

Judis wants to use force in Syria to prevent further use of chemical weapons:

[S]ome people have argued that the United States should not do anything that might help the opposition win the war because that would help the Jihadis. The U.S., they argue, is better off with a bloody stalemate. But the Jihadis have benefited from the stalemate in Syria and from the perception that the United States is indifferent to Syria’s fate. By keeping its word to prevent the regime from using poison gas, the U.S. will help the opposition and will be in a better position to influence the eventual outcome without being responsible for it. It will, if anything, have halted the shift in power from the Free Syrian Army to the Jihadis.

I understand and respect John’s point. Mine is simply this – and I tangled with John McCain on CNN on the matter last night, prompting him to call me rude. (Being called hot-tempered by John McCain is, well, insert your own punch line).

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Syria is an immensely complex sectarian civil war, just like the one George W. Bush kick-started in neighboring Iraq that is once again gathering steam after the rank failure of the “surge” to do anything but get us out of there.

We do not have a clue what we are doing. It’s their country and we involve ourselves at our peril. Once we directly intervene in defense of one nebulous faction, we will deeply alienate another. We will be injecting the US into a brutal religious and ethnic civil war. If there is one guarantee that will bring more Jihadism to America, it will be another intervention in a complex Muslim country. The idea that we can win favor in that region by intervening is insane.

Doug Bandow is also aghast at the lack of any historical memory among the liberal hawks:

Some analysts apparently believe that starting America’s third war in a Muslim country in a dozen years would enhance the nation’s reputation in the Middle East. Wrote Princeton’s Anne-Marie Slaughter, a failure to act means Barack Obama “will be remembered as a president who proclaimed a new beginning with the Muslim world but presided over a deadly chapter in the same old story.” Actually, the war in Iraq was supposed to make Muslims the world over love the U.S. Unfortunately, something went wrong along the way.

Ya think? Judis also argues that, if “the Obama administration were to ignore its own ‘red line’ in Syria, that would send a message not only to the Assad regime, but also to North Korea and Iran that it could ignore American threats.” Well, they do ignore US threats, and have done so for a very, very long time. And one reason is that after Iraq and Afghanistan, the idea of credible long-term domestic support for bombing North Korea or Iran or arming a movement losing momentum to al Qaeda in Syria is simply not going to be there. So sorry, McCain and Butters. You can’t have your Iraq catastrophe somehow erased from our memory. Americans are amnesiacs but not etch-a-sketches. Larison notes the hyperbole involved:

Judis’ argument requires us to pretend that there is no difference in severity between nuclear proliferation and the uncertain reports of possible chemical weapons use. According to him, the U.S. must start a war in response to a small, possibly accidental use of sarin if its readiness to attack Iran can be believed. To state this argument plainly is to discredit it.

David Kenner reviews public opinion on Syria. His conclusion:

If he has incontrovertible proof of Assad’s chemical weapons use, there is reason to believe he could initially cobble together a majority in favor of intervention. But given Americans’ relative apathy toward the conflict, there is also reason to believe that they would sour on the conflict if it dragged on or incurred significant costs. What the president needs is a quick, low-cost intervention that would allow the United States to take a backseat to other international partners. Whether that’s a realistic possibility, given the reality in Syria, is very much an open question.

(Chart from Pew (pdf), which finds that few Americans are paying attention to Syria)

The View From Your Window Contest: Winner #151

A reader writes:

This appears to be the view of Pico from Faial, both central islands in the Azores. While not exactly tropical, the climate is warm enough to sustain the odd palm tree. I believe you can see the town of Horta smack in the middle of the snapshot.

Another:

Long-time follower, first time responding! I believe this picture was taken from somewhere on the eastern side of the Azorean island Faial. The mountain in the background looks to be Mount Pico, on the nearby island of Pico. I’m sure someone else will be much more exact, but my best guess is that it was taken somewhere on the outskirts of the city of Horta, possibly Conceição?

Since I can’t offer too much more detail, let me add a personal anecdote about Faial. My family is originally from mainland Portugal and my grandfather originally applied for a visa to come to the US in 1947, but didn’t get one until 1960. It took a series of volcanic eruptions in 1957/58 on the western side of Faial to finally open the door for my family and thousands of others to enter the US. The eruptions led to Congress passing the Azorean Refugee Act of 1958 (co-sponsored by then Senator John F. Kennedy), which greatly increased the amount of visas provided to Portuguese, both from the Azores and the mainland.

Another:

This looks like it might be Nevis in the distance, the island that is very close to St. Kitts. The country is St. Kitts Nevis, Nevis is so-called because Columbus thought that the peak was covered in snow, or nieves in Spanish, but it was just clouds. There are no snow capped islands in the West Indies. Nevis is just south of St. Kitts, which was named by Columbus for his patron saint.

Another:

It could be any tropical, volcanic region in the world, so most likely Central America or Southeast Asia. With that in mind, I’m guessing that this was taken from the port town of Balingoan on the north coast of Mindanao in the southern Philippines, looking across to Camiguin Island which is famous for its volcanoes.

Another:

Well, this week’s contest was too easy, as Anak Krakatoa Island is the subject of the photo. (Even were it not for the profile of the famous volcano, the red tile/metal roofs in the tropical paradise setting clearly suggest an Indonesia-like locale.) The photographer has to be a tourist visiting Anak Krakatoa (Child of Krakatoa), with accommodation on one of the three islands that make up the remnants of the original Krakatoa island obliterated in 1883.

Another:

Well, we’re looking at a volcano in the tropics, sitting near a body of water. Could be a lot of different places (it quite reminds me of my recent trip to Arenal volcano in Costa Rica), but searching Indonesia alone would take hours, I’m going to make an educated guess that we’re looking at Mayon Volcano in the Philippines, known for its majestic symmetry. It sits on a body of water, the Albay Gulf, and there’s the little town of Manito right across the gulf from Mayon, so that’s what I’m guessing. (Watch, the volcano will probably turn out to be Concepcion in Nicaragua, or something in Indonesia and I’ll be off by thousands of miles.)

Another:

Costa Rica? Overlooking the Tenorio volcano, from Tilaran, or somewhere close? My husband and I went to Costa for our honeymoon in January and I’ve been dying to go back and this has the look, from the palms, architecture, terrain. Might be another volcano, but definitely Central America.

Another:

I spent the winter holiday cruising down the Pacific coast and stopped in both Guatemala and Nicaragua. Volcanoes in both places, but I’m guessing Guatemala. Is that Lake Atitlan in the foreground? I don’t expect I’ll ever win the book – I’m just not computer savvy enough to do the calculations and draw the intersecting vector lines and give GPS data … but fuck it, let’s say this is taken from the top of the chicken coop on the farm of Pedro Zacapa on the outskirts of Santa Catarina Palopo, Guatemala.

Another:

Back in the 1980s, when I lived in Guatemala, Panajachel on Lake Atitlan was one of the places I’d go for a respite. At that time there were few tourists and even on Peace Corps wages I could stay in a decent hotel. I believed and still believe that it is one of the most beautiful places on earth. And the people were as beautiful as the land. Many of the villages on the lake were considered too dangerous to visit, but I would go anyway. Stupid youth. There was a Catholic mission in one village that was very welcoming. I had tremendous respect for the work of these people – nuns, priests, and others – doing such good work in a troubled place. I would visit the orphanage to get my hug quota fulfilled. The only negative was that many were from Minnesota and I had to withstand a barrage of Iowa jokes whenever I stopped by.

Another gets the right country:

I have never dared to respond to the VFYW contest before but the most recent one just screams Central America to me, and since I lived for a year and a half in Nicaragua, I’m going to go with that. The mix of vegetation, the layout of the house, the rusty corrugated tin roof, and the volcano on the lake is the spitting image of Mombotombo. The bricks in the foreground even look like the type made by all the towns along the Highway from Managua to Leon. I’m getting some serious nostalgia just typing this. So I’m going to take a guess based on the towns around Lake Managua and say this was taken outside either La Esperanza or Nagarote. Let’s just go with Nagarote. Thanks for the blast from the past!

Another nails the exact location:

A Google image search using the phrase “volcano island” quickly serves up a variety of candidates, including Volcan Concepcion, on the island Ometepe, in Nicaragua, with a cone-like shape similar to the mountain in the contest photo. A subsequent search on “Ometepe” turned up photos so strikingly similar to the contest photo that they must have been taken from the same window. It didn’t take long to find the location by looking at Ometepe accommodations on Tripadvisor. The location is the Finca Magdalena guest house, near the town of Balgue, on the island of Ometepe, in Lake Nicaragua, Nicaragua.

Another:

On Google maps, my wife and I started moving north along the Venezuelan coastline in search of islands just off the mainland. Eventually we reach Central America, and Nicaragua. At this point one might notice a rather large lake set in Nicaragua named Lake Nicaragua, and set in the middle of that lake is … a volcanic island called Isla Ometepe. In the lake. Like a motherf*cking Bond villian lair. It’s the coolest thing ever and I never knew it existed and it’s shit like this that keeps me doing this contest every week.

Another focuses on the hostel:

I am afraid this one will generate a lot of correct results, based on the fact that I found it rather quickly (20 minutes). Clearly Caribbean landscape, but no island volcanoes seem to match the geography. I found some links to Costa Rica volcanoes and expanded my search to include Central America, which immediately produced several photos almost identical to this weeks view, all with the same outbuildings and varying degrees of cloud cover and snow on Volcán Concepción. Anyway, I believe the photo was taken from the upper floor of the Finca Magdalena Hostel on Isla de Ometepe in Lake Nicaragua. Judging by the angle and the window frame in the photo, I am pretty sure it was take through the small side window circled:

Another:

I have never been there, but my Brooklyn-dwelling daughter traveled there last year, visiting a friend and climbing the other volcano, Maderas, which is dormant. She reported spectacular wildlife and loved hiking up through the rainforest; it is a nature preserve and a UNESCO Biosphere preserve.

Another:

This place is fantastic if you like troops of howler monkey. As a monkey enthusiast myself this locale was great for sneaking into the woods up the hill and grabbing a quick pic of the monkeys. We stayed here one night on our way around the island back in 2010, since we’d heard they’d had this great fried mango food like Mango French Fries! The whooping and screeches of the monkeys did not thrill most residents during the night, but boy was I wooed by their subtle songs. Just Beautiful! It had a great little restaurant style bed and breakfast feel, and there was a fantastically cute pet raccoon tied to tree. He did little tricks for food throughout the meals, although he didn’t seem too happy about the leash. Not sure how they got him – are raccoon’s common pets in “Nici”? I need get one of these!

But back to the monkeys! Howler monkeys can be heard from over three miles away. Amazing! We went all around the island listening for them. I felt like Jane Goodall or something finding these monkeys! HUZAAAAHHH!!! There they were! They mostly enjoyed the slopes of the volcano, which – woooweee – are a little steep for my legs. I practically fell right off of Conception. I’m not great at sketching but tried my hand at it – getting sooo much better at anatomical sketches. Probably should write my own book on this stuff.

Another:

When I saw this week’s VFYW, I nearly had a heart attack. Finally, a VFYW that I’d seen with my own eyes! This is the Finca Magdalena, a rustic farmhouse inn on an organic coffee farm, where I stayed with my husband and our three-year-old daughter, Isabel, several years ago. The Finca was our last destination on our trip to Nica. The ride in was rather complicated, hopping from ferry to bus to motorbike, but let me tell you, it was worth it. My husband and I loved the simplicity of the food, the staff, and most of all, the COFFEE! Nothing like some caffeine to get you up those steep Nica hikes! We ditched some clothes just to leave room in our suitcases to bring home as much coffee as possible.

The kind staff even introduced our Isabel to their “mapachito”, the cutest little raccoon they keep tied to a nearby tree. He was friendly as ever. Needless to say, this was the highlight of Isabel’s trip, and she played with him constantly. Talk about a free babysitter ;)

Another:

During a winter break in law school, I traveled to Nicaragua with one of my best friends. As I’m sure most tourists would be, we were intrigued by the existence of a volcano in the middle of a lake. We set aside a couple of days of our whirlwind tour of the country to travel to Isla de Ometepe. On our only full day on the island, we spent an exhausting eight hours scaling the muddy slopes of Volcan Concepcion. We brought our cameras for what we believed would be the incredible views on top. Unfortunately, we had not thought through the implications of the term “cloud forest.” As the moniker would suggest, the top of Concepcion is entirely banked in by clouds and thick mist at almost all times (as the entry photo depicts). Despite having no views, the slopes were still a wonderfully dense jungle of packed vegetation, tangled tree limbs, and howling monkeys.

Another:

I knew this one immediately, not because I’d been there but because growing up we constantly had Ometepe coffee around the house. The distinctive shape of the volcano was printed on the coffee bags.

About a third of the roughly 150 entries correctly identified Ometepe, and seven of those were from readers who have identified difficult views in the past without winning (“difficult” being defined as a view in which only 10 or fewer readers correctly answer it). To break that tie, the reader among the seven who has participated in the most contests (11) is the winner this week:

This week’s view is from the top (mansard) floor of the Finca Magdalena Hostel. It is located on Ometepe Island, which rises out of Lake Nicaragua. Two volcanoes dominate the island: Concepcion, seen in the original view, is the taller, more symmetric one; and Maderas is the flatter one on the right at the link above. The hostel is on its northern slope. I knew this had to be in the Americas, since there is a cactus in the foreground, on the roof (all cacti but one are native to the Americas). I tried ‘volcano island Central America’ as a search phrase and Ometepe was the top result. I found this almost identical image on Panoramio and then the building it was taken from. (The window in question is the small one on the right.)

One more view:

(Archive)

The Legacy Of “Yellow Cake”

The Syrian government is denying reports that they have deployed chemical weapons against rebel groups:

[They add that] the United States lacks credibility. Obviously, that’s exactly what you would say if you has used chemical weapons on your own people, because no country would admit to such a horrific war crime. But the American history with foreign weapons of mass destruction also plays right into the Syrian strategy, as Information Minister Omran Al-Zoubi accused the U.S. of trying “to repeat the Iraq example.”

Obama was cautious at a press conference today:

The president said that while evidence suggested that chemical weapons were used in Syria – thereby crossing the “red line” Obama had established in the Syrian conflict – more details were needed, namely about who used those weapons, and when.

The neocons are being hoisted on their own Iraq petard. But the real difficulty is figuring out what we could do even if we wanted to. I see no scenario that doesn’t contain more risks than gains.

The Death Of Blogs? Or Of Magazines?

As part of his “eulogy for the blog”, Marc Tracy touches upon the evolution of the Dish – which he praises as “a soap opera pegged to the news cycle”:

[T]oday, Google Reader is dying, Media Decoder is dead, and Andrew Sullivan’s The Daily Dish is alive in new form. This year, Sullivan decided that he was a big enough brand, commanding enough attention and traffic, to strike out on his own. At the beginning of the last decade, the institutions didn’t need him. Today, he feels his best chance for survival is by becoming one of the institutions, complete with a staff and a variety of content. What wasn’t going to work was continuing to have, merely, a blog.

We will still have blogs, of course, if only because the word is flexible enough to encompass a very wide range of publishing platforms: Basically, anything that contains a scrollable stream of posts is a “blog.” What we are losing is the personal blog and the themed blog. Less and less do readers have the patience for a certain writer or even certain subject matter.

I wish he had some solid data to back that point up. Of course, blogs have evolved – and this one clearly has from its early days. What began as one person being mean to Maureen Dowd around 12.30 am every night is now an organism in which my colleagues and I try to construct both a personal and yet also diverse conversation in real time. But that doesn’t mean the individual blogger – small or large – is disappearing. Our entire model requires, as it did from the get-go, links to other sites and blogs – and we have not detected a shortage.

One reason we have had to grow and evolve – and this started as far back as 2003 – is that the web conversation has grown exponentially since this blog started (when Bill Clinton was president). Yes, many bloggers now get employed by more general sites, or move on to more complex forms (think of Nate Silver, a lone blogger when the Dish first championed his work and now part of an informational eco-system). But every page on the web is equally accessible as every other page. Blogs will never die – but they might form a smaller part of a much larger online eco-system of discourse.

My own view is that one particular form of journalism is actually dying because of this technological shift – and it’s magazines, not blogs. When every page in a magazine can be detached from the others, when readers rarely absorb a coherent assemblage of writers in a bound paper publication, but pick and choose whom to read online where individual stories and posts overwhelm any single collective form of content, the magazine as we have long known it is effectively over.

Without paper and staples, it doesn’t fall apart so much as explodes into many pieces hurtling into the broader web. Where these pieces come from doesn’t matter much to the reader. So what’s taking the place of magazines are blog-hubs or group-blogs with more links, bigger and bigger ambitions and lower costs. Or aggregated bloggers/writers/galley slave curators designed by “magazines” to be sold in themed chunks. That’s why the Atlantic.com began as a collection of bloggers and swiftly turned them all into chopped up advertizing-geared “channels.” That form of online magazine has nothing to do with its writing as such or its writers; it’s a way to use writers to procure money from corporations. And those channels now include direct corporate-written ad copy, designed to look as much like the actual “magazine” as modesty allows.

Adam Gopnik has a wonderful paragraph at the top of his review of National Geographic over the decades that captures the centrifugal force turning magazines into anachronistic forms of writing:

Magazines in their great age, before they were unmoored from their spines and digitally picked apart, before perpetual blogging made them permeable packages, changing mood at every hour and up all night like colicky infants—magazines were expected to be magisterial registers of the passing scene. Yet, though they were in principle temporal, a few became dateless, timeless. The proof of this condition was that they piled up, remorselessly, in garages and basements, to be read . . . later.

Or never. Alyssa likewise thinks blogs are evolving, not dying:

Obviously, it’s true that the first-mover advantage for blogging is gone, and that fewer people are coming online as individual bloggers. … The key technology now is less the publishing platforms that let people write short posts and publish them in a continuous stream, and more the ability to cross-post, so a piece can live both on an author’s individual page, or in the feed on a relevant subject or for a relevant section. …

And I think this is a situation that signals less the decline of blogs than their evolution. Readers can continue to follow the feeds of individual writers they prefer, or whole sections that they find interesting, depending on whether they’re interested in a particular perspective or a larger news feed. If blogging started out as a way to accommodate the way writers wanted to publish their work, it’s now come to serve a different end in giving readers flexibility in how they curate what they want to read, and publications the ability to accommodate them. That’s not death, precisely. It’s more like metamorphosis.

Obama’s Economic Paralysis

“Instead of deep, across-the-board cuts in many important investment programs, ranging from infrastructure to research and development, we need to protect those initiatives while adjusting our social welfare programs to live within our means and protect the truly needy,” – Steve Rattner, making the kind of sense the current GOP doesn’t want to understand.

There are all sorts of arguments to be made about if and whether a Grand Bargain on entitlements, defense and taxes is possible, given the near-pathological refusal of the GOP to raise any serious revenue. But my fear is that it is precisely the failure to come close to the broad Bowles-Simpson framework that has imposed the ridiculously crude sequester that has clearly boomeranged on Obama – and made recovery much weaker. We can all enjoy hindsight, but I wonder if Obama had actually embraced the full Bowles-Simpson when it came out, broke with his party, and ran for re-election on it, he wouldn’t be in a much stronger position than he is today. This is his mistake – but not his fault, if that distinction makes any sense. It’s his mistake because he lacked the daring to grasp Bowles-Simpson when it could have mattered; but it is not his fault that even if he had done the right thing, the GOP (and the Democratic base) would have turned around and accused him of slashing entitlements, or raising taxes, and success may have been as elusive as it turned out to be, but include his humiliation.

What’s left is a gnawing sense that there is no functioning rational government in Washington. Obama may not want this, and may not be primarily responsible for this, but it will stick to him, as it already has with the younger generation. Many Democrats hated Bowles-Simpson; but they may look back one day and realize it was essential to getting government back from effective permanent bankruptcy to do the things it truly must do – infrastructure, research, education. Maybe the sequester’s grim onslaught – and its effect on current growth and defense spending – will force Washington’s hand. But the private sector is still chugging along sufficiently not to force a crisis (see chart from Pethokoukis) – and after Obama caved so swiftly on the FAA, I get the sinking feeling that the rank and harmful partisanship of today’s politics will not end under his watch. That hope, it may turn out, was too audacious.

Ask Josh Fox Anything: Joining The Fight Against Fracking

In our first video from filmmaker Josh Fox, he explains how he came to take on hydraulic fracturing and the natural gas industry, culminating in his 2010 Oscar-nominated documentary, Gasland:

Last week, Sarah Laskow summarized the evolution of both the anti-fracking movement and Josh’s involvement in it:

When Fox first started this project five years ago, he was an avant-garde theater writer and director. After his family received an offer from a gas company to lease his land, he spun his own questions about fracking into a powerful investigative film. Now, three years after Gasland became a sensation, he’s one of the leading activists in the fight against fracking.

In the years between Fox’s two films, that fight has intensified. Big environmental groups (like the Sierra Club) that once worked with the natural gas industry started pushing back against fracking. The Obama administration strengthened its support for the development of natural gas resources. New York keeps delaying its decision on whether to allow fracking; Pennsylvania keeps letting the industry get away with doing pretty much whatever it wants. Whether to frack or not is no longer a good-faith policy debate. The two sides are engaged in “a war for who was going to tell this story,” as Fox puts it, and it’s escalating.

Gasland Part II just premiered at Tribeca and will air on HBO this summer. Ask Anything archive here.

Cannabis Light, Ctd

The market is responding to demand:

Under Washington State law, marijuana is defined as cannabis with a THC concentration greater than 0.3 percent. Anything with less THC is not marijuana under state law; it is simply unregulated cannabis. Thanks to Initiative 502, we no longer prohibit this unregulated cannabis, which includes such commodities as industrial hemp, edible pot sprouts, and seeds.

But THC, the molecule primarily responsible for the psychoactive effects of pot, is just one of at least 85 known cannabinoids in the plant, and it turns out some people aren’t looking for THC. Many dispensaries report that patients often want pot that is high in other medicinal compounds—like cannabidiol (CBD), which is thought to have a greater effect on pain.

One such strain found locally is called M’Otto, and with 0.23 percent THC and nearly 11 percent CBD, it is not technically marijuana under state law. It certainly looks like marijuana, smells like marijuana, and smokes like marijuana. But around here, it is only unregulated cannabis. “Since we’ve had it in for about a year, I would say it’s the fifth or sixth fastest-moving strain we carry,” says Muraco Kyashna-tocha from the Green Buddha Patient Co-op.

The CBD-heavy marijuana is also one of the more promising medical aspects of the near-miraculous plant.

(Photo: Pots of cannabis inside a medical cannabis cultivation facility in Denver, Colorado, U.S., on Monday, March 4, 2013. By Matthew Staver/For The Washington Post via Getty Images)

Shot Down

DL Cade spotlights an unusual photo series on airplane crashes:

For his project “Happy End,” German photographer Dietmar Eckell has travelled all over the world to find and photograph abandoned airplane wreckages with positive endings. That last part may seem like a paradox, but all of the 15 wreckages Eckell has shot actually do have happy endings: no one on board died, and they were all rescued from the remote locations where they crash landed.

He has started an IndieGogo campaign to publish a book on these “miracles in aviation history.”

End Of Life Over-Treatment

Rauch covers it:

The U.S. medical system was built to treat anything that might be treatable, at any stage of life—even near the end, when there is no hope of a cure, and when the patient, if fully informed, might prefer quality time and relative normalcy to all-out intervention.

He talks with Angelo Volandes, who creates informational videos about medical interventions:

Volandes shows me some of the footage he plans to use. We watch a patient with advanced Alzheimer’s being fed through a tube that has been surgically inserted into her stomach. An attendant uses a big syringe to clear the tube, then attaches a bag of thick fluid. Over the footage, Davis’s voice will say, Often, people hope tube feeding will help the patient live longer. But tube feeding has not been shown to prolong or improve the quality of life in advanced dementia. Tube feeding also does not stop saliva or food from going down the wrong way.

… “Let me ask you this,” Volandes says. “Suppose I’m having a conversation with you about whether your father would want this. And I said ‘feeding tube,’ and you’re thinking to yourself, Food, yeah, I could give food to my mom or dad. We just want to make sure that regardless of the way the gastroenterologist is presenting the procedure, the patient’s loved ones know this is what we’re talking about.”