“Philosophy Is Dead”

It was reported last week that Stephen Hawking doesn't think God had a hand in creating the universe. Burke's Corner is staggered by a couple of Hawking's assertions:

In his failure to exercise modesty in his pursuit of scientific knowledge, Hawking makes a particularly startling claim – that "philosophy is dead". From Plato and Aristotle to Maimonides and Aquinas to Kant and Hegel, Hawking dismisses how the human mind across cultures and millennia has reflected on transcendence and humanity's place in a vast universe. Hawking's lack of humility before this endeavour is staggering. In her Absence of Mind, Marilynne Robinson rightly states that this approach to science excludes "the whole enterprise of metaphysical thought", despite metaphysical reflection being a defining characteristic of the human experience.

Craig’s Blacklist

Tracy Clark-Flory comments on the closing of Craigslist's "adult services" section:

It seems that the sex workers and pimps who were pushed out of the virtual red light district are Censorednow spreading throughout the site. … Stopping the sale of sex on the Internet is like trying to keep frogs in a bucket. You can shutter the most popular online venue for prostitution, but that doesn't eliminate the demand.  Independent sex workers will find other ways to do business, and so will pimps and traffickers. The question here is whether sex workers, and trafficking victims, will be safer without Craigslist's "adult services" section, or whether they'll just be less visible.

Ian Paul tries to understand the other side of the debate.

Back To School

Raghuram Rajan wants to extend more credit to create more high-skilled workers. Manzi wants more:

[I]mproving schools is not going to be close to enough. I believe strongly, for example, that we need a new approach to immigration that reconceptualizes immigration as recruiting rather than law enforcement. Though it is unfashionable to say it now, we need to figure out how to extend the market revolution to sectors of the economy that remain protected from it by political power. We have to figure out some way to prevent the self-destructive spiral that limits the social productivity of a huge fraction of the American population. We need to understand the limits to American power and attempt to match our defense expenditures to finite, achievable goals, rather than imperial fantasies. These examples are obviously drawn from a right-of-center perspective, and the list could be extended, but I think it gives some idea of the scale of the challenge that we face.

Once again, Manzi gives me hope for a saner, smarter conservatism doing the hard work of tackling the actual problems we face rather than the ideologies we cling to.

Is Obama’s Proposal Any Good?

Pete Davis is a tad underwhelmed:

Yesterday, President Obama announced a six-year $50 billion program to rebuild 150,000 miles of highways, to lay and maintain 4,000 miles of rail lines, to restore 150 miles of runways, and to put the NextGen air traffic control system in place. Tomorrow in Cleveland, he is expected to announce full expensing for all businesses of qualified investment made by the end of 2011. These are reasonable next steps to sustain the economy as the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act spending tails off, but most of the impact would be felt after 2012, and it's doubtful that the Senate would pass these proposals this year in any event.

Ryan Avent's judgment:

On the one hand, this is all fairly sensible. The nation needs a new transportation funding law, and the frontloading of the scheduled spending would help offset scheduled declines in federal stimulus. On the other hand, I'm now more convinced that this is campaign fodder rather than a serious measure.

About My Job: The Opinion Journalist, Ctd

Chait picks through Conor's list:

As I see it, #12 – "to produce an intellectually honest argument" — is the correct answer. I'd put it slightly differently: to explain the world as I see it. Understanding the world requires digesting facts, but it can't be done entirely through digesting facts — it requires some degree of normative judgments as well. That is what opinion journalism should do. You can be in this business to influence people, but then you're in a very tricky position when it comes to writing opinions that might have the effect of influencing people to act contrary to the way you want them to act.

The Unique Quality Of “Lifelong Heterosexual Monogamy” Ctd

While I was drifting thorough the dunes, Douthat responded to my criticism of his position on marriage equality. In my absence, Patrick focused on Ross's non-solution – watered-down "domestic partnerships" that would be "available to any couple who couldn’t legally marry each other" including, for instance, a "pair of cohabitating siblings or cousins." Reading Patrick's sane response boils down to a very simple question: how does creating a watered down form of marriage available for everyone (including, presumably, straight couples who could also get married if they chose) strengthen marriage? It doesn't. It profoundly weakens marriage. And that is where my own involvement in this started two decades ago – worrying about exactly the impact of domestic partnerships and civil unions would have on the important institution of civil marriage. In this choice, American conservatism chose the continued stigmatization of homosexuality to the strengthening of civil marriage. It chose, once again, reactionary ideology over pragmatic reform.

Ross promises a second response, which he has yet to write, but here is the conclusion of his first post:

If gay marriage were suddenly taken off the table (which it won’t be, obviously), I imagine we’d eventually reach a federalist equilibrium, where more conservative states backed versions of the Anderson-Girgis domestic partnership proposal, and more liberal states instituted gay-specific civil unions. That seems to me like the appropriate path for a post-closet, post-AIDS society to take: Let different jurisdictions experiment with different ways of recognizing the reality of gay relationships (and let gay culture experiment within and around them), while maintaining a distinct category called marriage that preserves and celebrates the lifelong-heterosexual-monogamy ideal.

I have no problem with federalism in this and never have, and see the wisdom of this social change being explored gradually in the test-tubes of the states, while the debate deepens and widens in the courts and legislatures. (So far, by the way: a massive non-event for society as a whole and a huge gain in self-esteem, responsibility and happiness among a once-persecuted few. Not bad for a social reform.) And so Ross's resurrection of the theocon response to a situation that, as he concedes, no longer exists and will not return is not an answer. It's a restatement of Ross's ideal state of affairs, not a response to reality. Maybe at one point, conservatives could have made this case. But – let's face it – their bigotry sadly prevented them.

But let's imagine it had happened that way and some conservatives had actually taken me seriously back in the late 1980s when I tried to make this case. And over time, these strangely named contraptions perforce acquired many of the legal attributes of marriage (as they do now identically in California) and, as in Britain, eventually came to be called marriages in common parlance. Are we really fighting here over semantics? And is it better to segregate ourselves this way when in fact we come from the same families with the same parents and same households?

And here, I think, is where the true issue lies. Ross wants to retain that symbolic, if utterly abstract distinction, simply because he believes that straight marriage (even the least religious, contracepted heterosexual union) is inherently superior to gay marriage, and wants to use the law and its symbolism to declare this ideal supreme over the homosexual coupling, and celebrate it and enforce it in the minds and souls of gay people as well as straight ones. In the end, I'm afraid, he is saying that his marriage is inherently superior to mine.

He has every right to believe that theologically, however personally hurtful it is; but I do not believe he is right to argue that politically or legally in a secular society. I would say the same to a gay church that asserted that the uniquely non-instrumental love of gay couples is somehow inherently superior to the reproductive utilitarianism of straight ones. We are all children of God – neither Greek nor Jew – and we are all citizens in a state that should not discriminate on the basis of things people cannot change. Especially, in my view, when it comes to the question of love.

As I have written, I revere heterosexual marriage and procreation. I revere the sacrament of Matrimony. But I also cherish just as much my God-given emotional and sexual orientation and the humanity and dignity of my gay brothers and sisters and know that their struggle to be more fully, lovingly human is fated to be no more or less successful than anyone else's. I extend an open hand of celebration and equality and struggle to Ross and his wife in recognition of our common humanity and citizenship.

He will not extend the same hand to me and my husband, except from a position of legal privilege and moral superiority.

In the end, that's what it is. That's what it has always been.

Wriggling In The Shackles

Peter Beinart says Obama's foreign policy has failed:

It’s hard not to feel sympathy for Obama’s plight. In both Israel/Palestine and Afghanistan, he inherited a deteriorating situation on the ground, and a political debate in Washington that dramatically constrains his ability to respond. But the promise of the Obama campaign was that the old constraints would no longer apply, that policymakers would have the courage and creativity to respond in fundamentally different ways.

It’s a bit like the situation John F. Kennedy inherited in 1961. As a thoughtful, sophisticated man, he could see that the Cold War discourse he had inherited—which was premised on a unified communist threat—bore little resemblance to reality, now that the USSR and China were at each other’s throat. Yet for all his promises to “think anew,” he never effectively challenged the politically comfortable assumptions that imprisoned his foreign policy. And as a result, he continued down the path toward war in Vietnam. I hope I’m proven wrong, but right now it’s easy to imagine historians saying of Obama what they sometimes said of Kennedy: that he was smarter than he was brave.

On Book Burnings

Gen. David Petraeus has criticized a Florida church for intending to burn Qurans on the anniversary of 9/11. The general cautioned that, "It could endanger troops and it could endanger the overall effort." Adam Serwer is uneasy in more than one way:

I've long argued that the way Americans treat Islam and Muslims definitely has an effect on the fight against terrorism abroad, but I'm uncomfortable with Petraeus drawing a direct line of responsibility between whether or not American troops live or die and whether or not a group of radicals holds a "burn the Quran day." There's something about that statement that crosses the line for me — I just don't think that in a democracy people in uniform are the proper arbiters of what constitutes appropriate free expression, even when it's an event with fascist overtones as obvious as a public book burning.

I tend to agree. But I also see Petraeus's point: in a war of ideas where American soldiers are fighting a brutal counter-insurgency, the parading of anti-Muslim bigotry and hatred in America is a moral disgrace and a strategic disaster. That is is being enabled by a party that claims to take national security seriously is an indication of just how farcical and dangerous the GOP now is.