Ask Michael Hanna Anything: Morsi’s Failure To Govern

In our second video from Egypt expert, he explains how Morsi and the Muslim Brotherhood neglected to pursue reform and reconciliation following the 2011 revolution, and thus have only themselves to blame for their downfall:

https://vimeo.com/70048624

Earlier this week, Hanna further detailed these failures, including how Morsi screwed up his response to the June 30 protests:

An honorable exit for Morsy would have been a recognition of reality. A crippled executive with a tenuous grip on authority who could not govern effectively — even at the peak of his popularity — was no longer in a position to fulfill his role. A negotiated safe exit would have also preserved the Muslim Brotherhood’s political gains and ensured its participation in the design of the transitional stage and upcoming elections. Such an exit would have also reversed its disastrous decision to renege on previous pledges and contest the presidential election, thereby relieving the organization of the enormous strain of governing Egypt during this tumultuous period.

Such a decision would have required Morsy to undertake a thorough assessment of his errors and an objective appraisal of the country’s current dynamics. As difficult as such steps would have been, they were Egypt’s only way out. Instead, the country has chosen one poison over the other.

But in the end, no functional political order can emerge, let alone a democratic transition, without the free, fair, and full participation by the Muslim Brotherhood. With Morsy now incommunicado and presumably filled with rightful indignation at his fate, he can still help bring Egypt back from the brink. To do so, however, will require him to be a real leader and make a painful concession — placing his country’s future first.

Michael Wahid Hanna is a Senior Fellow at The Century Foundation, where he works on issues of international security, international law, and US foreign policy in the broader Middle East and South Asia. He appears regularly on NPR, BBC, and al-Jazeera. Additionally, his Twitter feed is a must-read for anyone interested in Egyptian politics. Our full coverage of the current events in Egypt is here. Our Ask Anything archive is here.

Capturing The Best Moment Of Your Life

https://twitter.com/jetpack/status/354458394750488577

Two days ago, Richard Deitsch wondered aloud how many of his Twitter followers have photos of their happiest moment ever. Megan Garber observes that the outpouring of responses is a testament “not only to Twitter’s power as a platform for sharing, but also to cameras’ increasing ubiquity in our lives”:

We may plan to take pictures at weddings, or during proposals, or after the births of babies; many of life’s happiest moments, however, are unexpected and random and weird. The fact that more of us are regularly carrying cameras around with us means that we are newly able to capture those moments–to make the ephemeral newly permanent. And, then, shareable with Sports Illustrated writers.

Many more excellent pictures sent to Deitsch are below:

https://twitter.com/jetpack/status/354456303965446146

Putting The Black Market Out Of Business

Keith Humphreys wonders how states with legal cannabis will deal with illegal cannabis operations:

Law enforcement officials in Colorado and Washington will soon be grappling with the question of how to police illicit sales and production of cannabis after the legal cannabis market is in place. The logical approach would be to prioritize illicit market enforcement immediately after legalization takes effect. The enforcement and resultant busts would be coupled with press releases full of head-shaking quotes along the lines of “I can’t understand why people keep engaging in crime now that recreational marijuana is legally available”. Such tactics would help undermine the black market by driving people into the legal cannabis market.

Alison Holcomb, author of Washington state’s legalization law, responds in the comments section

1. Washington’s new marijuana law dedicates $5 million annually off the top of the new marijuana excise tax for administration and enforcement by the state’s primary regulatory agency;

2. As with the repeal of alcohol Prohibition, consumer demand will shift and likely have a greater impact on the black market than policing; and

3. Before the passage of Washington’s new marijuana law, the overwhelming majority of state marijuana law enforcement — 90% of marijuana arrests — was for simple possession, not manufacture or delivery. Now that simple possession is legal for adults 21 and older, significant policing hours have been freed up and could, should local jurisdictions so desire, be refocused to enforcement against unlicensed marijuana producers and distributors.

United Against Solitary

Approximately 30,000 prisoners have entered the third day of what might be the largest hunger strike in California’s history. The strike, which has spread to Washington state, has already left ten prisoners under medical observation. Abby Ohlheiser provides context:

While the California prison system has a less than stellar reputation on a handful of issues–many of which trace back to its astonishing overcrowding–the striking prisoners are focusing their message on improving conditions for those locked in solitary confinement. Last October, Mother Jones published a must-read on solitary in California, written by Shane Bauer, one of the three hikers kept in an Iranian solitary confinement cell for 26 months. Spoiler: Bauer thought California’s conditions were worse.

Julianne Hing adds:

The United Nations has found that just 15 days in solitary confinement violates human rights standards and can do irreperable psychological harm to a person, according to a lawsuit filed by the Center for Constitutional Rights. Yet hundreds of California inmates have been in indefinite isolation for more than a decade, according to Amnesty International.

Lauren Kirchner reports that some prisoners have expressed solidarity with GTMO detainees. In the midst of the ongoing force-feeding controversy, Robin Abcarian notes:

In California, according to hunger strike protocols released by the Department of Corrections, no prisoner will be forced to eat at any time if he makes it clear in advance that that is his wish. In California, a prisoner has the right to starve himself to death. It shouldn’t have to come to that.

The Work Of The World’s Poor

The International Labor Organization (ILO) found that Pakistan’s unemployment rate is 5.2 percent and India’s is 4.2 percent. But Kenny argues that developing countries’ low unemployment rates are misleading:

The majority of Pakistan’s and India’s populations work in small-scale farming or are “self employed” in informal microenterprises. That’s true across much of the developing world. The National Bureau of Economic Research’s Rafael La Porta and Andrei Shleifer suggest that, in the poorest countries, more than two-thirds of the labor force is working on the family farm or is in the informal sector.

Farms managed by the world’s poorest people tend to be small and inefficient—demanding a lot of labor for little output. That’s why families farming them make up the bulk of the world’s population living on less than $1.25 a day. The majority of enterprises run by the world’s poorest are shops and kiosks making a few sales a day—general stores, tailor shops, telephone booths, or fruit or vegetable businesses. In India, data collated by MIT’s Abhijit Banerjee and Esther Duflo suggest the average shop run by people living in poverty makes a profit of just $133 a year. That low productivity helps to explain why, even though only around 200 million people in the world are considered unemployed by the ILO, 1.3 billion workers lived in families below the $2-a-day poverty line.

When Is A Kid Truly Transgender?

Transgender Child In Washington, DC

The blogger Gendermom shares her story:

When I tell people that my [five-year-old] son is now my daughter, the responses are remarkably predictable. Faces cloud with confusion. People seem to wonder if they’ve heard me correctly. Or they suggest that it’s probably a phase, or that my son is just gay. They tell me that their little boy used to try on his big sister’s dresses, too, but not to worry–it all worked out okay in the end.

They are generally very kind and curious. But I can tell that the idea of my child is entering their consciousness like a visitor from an alien galaxy. They walk away from our conversations with stunned and thoughtful looks on their faces, as if they’re thinking, “Did she really just say that?” The problem I encounter most often is not one of prejudice, but of incredulity.

Earlier this year, Beth Schwartzapfel investigated the issue at length, centering on the controversial Canadian psychologist Kenneth Zucker, who would likely clash with Gendermom:

It’s now widely accepted that no amount of therapy can change a person’s sexual orientation, and Zucker says he would not try to do so. But gender identity and sexual orientation are not the same thing.

Sexual orientation is a matter of whom you are sexually attracted to. Gender identity is more elemental: It’s who you feel in your bones that you are. Zucker’s critics say that most transgender children know precisely who they are. “These kids come out very early and say, ‘Mommy, I’m in the wrong body,’” Schreier says.

Sure, Zucker says, but that doesn’t make it a fait accompli. Children’s gender identity is plastic and malleable, he says, shaped and formed by the world around them, by the feedback they receive, by the emotional resonance of the things they do, by their personal relationships, even by the clothes they wear. If this is true, then it should be possible for these kids to change.

Zucker is quick to point out that his clinic has referred more than 60 kids for the medical interventions required to begin their transitions; a paper he wrote on the subject was, in fact, the first such study published in North America. By age 11 or 12, he concedes, trans kids are typically “locked in” to their gender identity, and for them, “I very much support that pathway, because I think that is going to help them have a better quality of life.”

But it’s different, he says, for younger kids. “If a child can grow up and feel comfortable in his or her own skin that matches their birth sex,” Zucker argues, “then you avoid the complexity of fairly serious surgical treatments. Penectomy and castration are not the same thing as having mild and minor cosmetic surgery. Lifelong hormonal therapy. It’s serious.”

Previous Dish on transgender kids here, here, here, and here.

(Photo: Five-year-old Tyler, known until last fall as Kathryn, gets a haircut from his dad at their suburban Washington, D.C., home on March 12, 2012. Tyler’s insistence on being a boy started at the early age of 2. By Nikki Kahn/The Washington Post via Getty Images)

Immigration Reform Flatlines?

Brian Beutler can’t find a pulse:

[Republicans] could drag this out for months before settling on terms of eventual citizenship. Democrats could fold on “triggering” the citizenship guarantee — or come to terms with the GOP on something that could be sold as both a “trigger” and a guarantee. Boehner could step up, break the Hastert rule, probably lose his job. But these are all pretty implausible scenarios. Particularly given how averse House Republicans and movement folks have become even to highly conservative legislation that they recognize as a potential vehicle for compromise.

Josh Marshall agrees that “Comprehensive Immigration Reform does, increasingly, look dead.” He wants those who are killing the bill called out:

Too often, whether it’s on taxes or immigration reform or anything else certain parties have a strong interest in fuzzing up what’s actually happening – most often the party that feels like it’s on the wrong side of public opinion. And that leaves bills to just die because in some very fuzzy broad brush way ‘the House’ or ‘the Senate’ couldn’t get it passed.

But there’s no House or Senate. For these purposes, these are simply helpful fictions. Or in this case unhelpful fictions. People only really know what’s going on when you get down to the nitty gritty and say, it didn’t happen because these seven people – naming names – decided to vote against it or decided it wouldn’t get a vote.

The Last Lesson We Learn From Our Pets, Ctd

Ike's final days...

Readers continue to contribute to the popular thread:

Thanks for this post about Dusty. I had to put my very first dog down a few months ago, and it continues to haunt me. Ike started to have issues with the steps in my home, then couldn’t make it without my carrying him, then his system just starting shutting down. I sent my mom this picture [above] and she was on the next flight from D.C. to LAX.

I brought her to my home only long enough to pick up Ike, then go to the vet. There wasn’t much they could do, so the deed was done. I didn’t think I would weep like I did, and I find that when I see a death scene in a movie or TV show, it all comes flooding back. I really appreciate your affection for dogs in general and your beloved Dusty in particular.

Another advises:

There are vets who will come to your home to administer euthanasia. It’s much preferable to taking her to a vet.

Many readers chose that path:

I remember the day my wife and I looked at each other and recognized the day had come to “put down” our gentle springer spaniel of 14.5 years. Part of me desperately wanted to chicken out and not be there for it, but it’s really your duty to do so, after all the loyalty the dog has given you.  It helped that the vet arranged a house call. The kids, to my surprise, asked to be present and were. There was no great moment or storybook lesson, but it was peaceful, quiet and right. I won’t like it any better when our spry young rascal reaches his time, but I won’t dread it so. A lingering lesson, yes. Dang dogs.

Another reader who decided to have a peaceful death at home:

Our first dog, Wolfgang, was very special.

He had a strong sense for how we felt, and did what he could to comfort and console when appropriate.  He was diagnosed with lymphoma 15 months before he died.  We were not yet ready to release him and so spent a small fortune on chemo.  Mostly that 15 months was good; we treasure those times.  80% of the time he was the dog we always remembered, although easily tired.  He was not in any particular pain.  He nonetheless experienced “crashes,” about a week after a new chemo treatment, and each time we helped him through it.

The last time he crashed came before a weekend.  Weeks before, an x-ray disclosed that the lymphoma was back and spreading.  The vet offered to board him, but we wanted him at home.  On Monday, he would see a canine oncologist to administer another drug.  But Wolf stopped eating and drinking.  We did our best with a turkey baster to try to get some fluids and mashed up superfood into him. On Sunday afternoon, the sun was out, and I carried Wolf out to our backyard, where he had an hour of surveying his realm, poking his nose into the breeze, etc.  I stayed with him overnight, lying with him on the floor.  I started to lose it at one point.  Wolf kissed my hand and rolled over as best he could to get a tummy rub.

My wife relieved me at four in the morning.  Wolf died in her arms within the hour.  Wolf was waiting for her, as he was always a momma’s boy.

It’s not for everyone and every situation, but I’m glad we kept Wolf at home.  He died where he was happiest with the people he loved.  And we did not have to make the hard choice about inducing his death.  It’s hard to imagine a better passing.  It would have been different had he been in pain, but there was no evidence of that.  Yes, it demanded a lot of our time, but really, if you can’t spend time on those you love, what’s the point?

I experienced a far different death when I had to go to the vet’s and give the instruction to put my sister’s dog down.  The dog had collapsed and was in pain, and it was the right call.  Nonetheless, I was sad that my sister wasn’t there (she was on the East Coast) and that Sadie passed on in a clinic rather than at home.  I have since heard of at least a couple of local vets who will come out and administer a lethal injection in the home.  Clearly most vets will not do that, but I’d recommend finding one who does before the issue becomes critical.

Another:

Okay, I never thought I’d send you a pet picture, but for the sheer ridiculousness of this, here’s our beloved Bob:

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

As you can see, he was patient with my daughter’s dress-up games, as well as a loving “mom” to our cats (and us).  We were luckier than most of the readers who’ve posted on this thread, since we found a vet who came to our house to put him to sleep. And thank God for it; Bob just HATED the vet, and the thought of him spending his last hour on earth in terror was too much.  Our vet was loving and gentle, so Bob drifted away happy and comfortable as I held his head in my hands.

Another reader:

I’m proud to say that we gave our dog Princess a good death.  It was the least we could do after her years of loving us. Princess was a 14-year-old German Shepherd / Border Collie mix that weighed 60 pounds healthy.  But in her last year, she dwindled down to 45 lbs.  She suffered from incontinence, hearing loss that led to anxiety, and frequent bouts of diarrhea.  I thought I cared about our carpets until she reached this stage of her life. I never imagined that changing a doggie diaper would be part of my daily routine.

About two weeks before, she simply stopped eating much of anything, then ten days later, she stopped following us around the house to spend all her time in her bed.  In Portland OR, we have a mobile vet service that specializes in in-home euthanasia.   When it was clear to us that it was time, we called them.

It was a sunny, warm day for October in the Pacific Northwest.  Princess died in her favorite spot on our front porch, in the arms of my husband while I stroked her head.  A week later, we planted her ashes in a bed of new daffodil bulbs. We still miss her very much, and we travel too much to have pets now, so she’s never been succeeded. Still, when my time comes, I hope that I have a death like hers.

Another:

A few years ago, our dog (a Westie) was in very rough shape. We had probably waited WAY too long to take this step, and he was suffering. Then, on a Sunday morning (when all the veterinary offices were closed), he could barely breathe, was panting in a panicked manner, and seemed to be pleading to us with his eyes. My ex-husband was beside himself and nearly in hysterics, so he was no help. I called a 24-hour emergency vet number and asked if it were possible to somehow put our dog to sleep at home, so as not to prolong his suffering (capped off by a traumatic car ride, which he always hated). The vet said something along the lines of, “Well, I cannot tell you how to euthanize your pet, because that would be illegal. What I can tell you, however, is that a strong dose of Benadryl has a narcotic effect of dramatically slowing down the heart and lung function. Best wishes to you.”

So that’s what I did. Two or three capsules’ worth emptied into a dab of wet dog food. We were able to snuggle with him until he relaxed and then simply, slowly, stopped breathing. The next day we took his body, which we had wrapped in a blanket with his favorite toys, to the vet so that he could be cremated.

Another:

Just read your post about Dusty and the inevitable question of “when.”  Two weeks ago we put down our much loved, nearly 17 year old chow, Sammy.  You recognize elements of the downward slide and you willfully shut out others.  But he didn’t operate on that plane.  He knew.  And he told us.  He stopped eating, even the beloved treats, and then started to fall down and was incapable of getting up.  To be blind to those calls would be willfully cruel.

We called an incredible vet, Hannah, who comes to your home.  She lets you sit on the floor with your pet’s head in your lap and the process begins.  She administered the shots, Sammy gave a final kick and with that said good-bye.  She has the pets cremated and scatters the ashes in an apple orchard.  There is great comfort in that scenario.  So if you can find a NYC vet who offers this service, Andrew, I cannot recommend it highly enough.  It soothes the human caretakers and I like to think it’s easier for beloved dogs.

Many readers are also sounding off on our Facebook page. One popular comment:

We help our dogs to die painless, dignified deaths when the time comes. Yet we do not allow the same for humans. A shame!

Will We Cut Egypt’s Aid? Ctd

Elliott Abrams supports suspending aid:

Some argue that a suspension of aid, which is clearly required by U.S. law when there is a coup, is foolish right now because we need to stay close to the Egyptian military. Others say the vast majority of Egyptians rose up to throw the Muslim Brotherhood out, so an aid suspension would insult and enrage them. Still others say there was not really a coup, because what the military did responded to the millions of Egyptians who went to the streets to eject President Morsi. …

Look back at all those things we want for Egypt, and the answer should be obvious: We will do our friends in Egypt no good by teaching the lesson that for us as for them law is meaningless. To use lexicographical stunts to say this was not really a coup, or to change the law because it seems inconvenient this week, would tell the Egyptians that our view and practice when it comes to law is the same as theirs: enforce the law when you like, ignore the law when you don’t. But this is precisely the wrong model to give Egypt; the converse is what we should be showing them as an ideal to which to aspire.

But the illegal occupation and settlement of the West Bank? Not a problem. I’m with George Washington: in favor cutting all military aid to both Israel and Egypt. From the other end of the political spectrum, Egyptian writer Nawal El Saadawi seconds the motion:

On July 5, I watched a group of American men on CNN threatening to cut off aid to the revolutionary Egyptian people. And I laughed out loud. I hope that they cut off this aid! Since the time of Anwar Sadat in the 1970s, this aid has destroyed our political and economic life. This aid helps the U.S. more than anyone else. This aid goes directly into the pockets of the ruling class and corrupts it. This aid has strengthened American-Israeli colonial rule in our lands. All that the Egyptian people have gained from this aid is more poverty and humiliation.

Brad Plumer considers what would happen if we cut off aid:

Probably not much at first. Military aid to Egypt for 2013 was already disbursed back in May, and there likely wouldn’t be another round of funding until next spring. But cutting off aid would certainly reshape the U.S.-Egypt relationship — and mark a big break from the past 65 years.

Back in 2012, Shana Marshall doubted that the US would cut aid to Egypt, partially because, although “domestic interest groups are rarely invoked in the debate over military aid to Egypt, the $1.3 billion in annual assistance represents a significant subsidy to U.S. weapons manufacturers.”

More Dish on the debate over Egypt’s aid here and here.