They Execute Horses, Don’t They?

Drew Nelles recounts the history of animals being tried in criminal courts. Of note is the amazing story of "Murderous Mary" the circus elephant, who killed an inexperienced trainer in a gruesome manner before bystanders in 1916. The Tennessee townspeople demanded revenge:

A cable and chain, dangling from a 100-ton Clinchfield Railyard crane boom, was slipped over Mary’s neck. The operator threw the motor into motion, and the derrick reeled in the chain, squeezing the elephant’s throat and lifting her from the ground. Mary twisted in agony; there was a sudden snap, and she crashed back to the earth, all 10,000 pounds of her, sitting there stunned and reeling with a broken hip. Some of the crowd scattered. But the job had to be finished. Mary’s executioners attached a heavier chain and tried again. This time it worked, and Mary finally died like the captive she was, with metal around her neck and a crowd looking on in awe and horror.

This wasn’t an execution; it was a lynching.

There was no trial to speak of. But the death of Murderous Mary has its place in the history of animal trials because it reflected the values of its age. In the Southern US, this was the era of lynching. In Tennessee alone, an estimated 204 black people were lynched between 1882 and 1968, according to the Tuskegee Institute—a number that rises to 3,446 nationwide. It was a time and a place in which this particularly cruel form of justice was meted out with no regard for due process or fair hearings. Medieval Europeans thought animals deserved trials; to the Tennesseans of 1916, on the other hand, an elephant lynching was just like any other. Animals didn’t deserve trials before their executions, but then again, neither did men.

The Water Park Of Democracy

While waiting in line at Whitewater, an amusement park outside Atlanta, Tom Junod draws a very poetic analogy about America:

I have seen boobs the size of butts, and butts the approximate size of bumper cars. I have seen stretch marks in geographic profusion, and every kind of scar, from every kind of delivery system — the sinkholes left by bullets, the crenellations left by knife, the apocalyptic lightning left by scalpel and surgical saw. I have seen people comparing scars, to while away the time. I have seen piercings in Babylonian profusion, and nail art in colors found not in the rainbow but rather in boxes of Froot Loops. And I have seen tattoos — oh, Lord, I have seen tattoos. … I have seen every form of erotic invitation and advertisement, not just tramp stamps but entire tramp field maps, and mothers of three and four and five with cobras and Tasmanian devils arising from their bikini bottoms. I have seen all the evidence I need that America, far from being a Christian nation, is at heart a pagan one, with democracy, at last, turning into a preference for the most personalized decoration.

But here’s the thing about waiting in line at Whitewater, here’s the lesson that you learn from the spectacle of America in the raw: It works.

When my daughter gapes and marvels, I tell her that human beings come in all shapes and sizes, and it’s an explanation that seems to satisfy her because it’s inescapable. When I hear the censorious voice in my head saying that the woman in front of me shouldn’t be wearing that bikini, I go on to draw the only conclusion that the evidence all around me permits: that no one should, and that therefore everyone can. Going to Whitewater is like bathing in the Ganges, with chlorine and funnel cakes — and also with the elemental difference that not everyone is poor, lowly, untouchable, an outcast. Rather, everyone is quite simply American, and so the line slouches and stumbles forward, the very definition of a mixed blessing — a blessing mixed black and white, rich and poor, slovenly and buff, and so on down the line.

He thinks the FlashPass, where $40 buys patrons the ability to skip the lines, has ruined the democratic experience.

A Sliding-Scale Speed Limit?

A stretch of Texas highway is about to get bumped to 85 mph, the highest in the country and faster than "the mythic German autobahn". Is it safe? It depends:

You're actually safest when you're traveling with the speed of the traffic around you. Speed-related accidents tend to happen when people are traveling faster or slower than the other cars on the road. In fact, the 1998 report says that most speed-related accidents happen because an individual is driving too fast for the conditions of the road—that's the current weather, the width of the specific road, and how fast other people are driving.

The conclusion that both reports come to: We don't necessarily need lower speed limits. What we need are speed limits that adjust to the current conditions and the specific needs of a specific road. A variable speed limit would reflect the reality that a lot of drivers already see and respond to, and it might be more easily accepted by the drivers who ignore one-size-fits-all speed limits today.

The Weekly Wrap

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Chart from Calculated Risk Today on the Dish, Andrew cautiously noted a “Clinton bump,” said “optimism always wins” and reworked Tomasky’s criticism of Obama’s speech. Meanwhile, other bloggers reflected on and then debated last night’s performance. Wrapping up convention coverage, Obama’s message penetrated headlines, readers assessed Obama speech reactions and Hamilton Nolan maligned spokespeople. Cute First Family GIF here. In election news, the blogosphere took in the lackluster jobs report, the parties’ racial skew weakened America and Jon Rauch pinpointed the candidates’ rhetorical challenge. Lance Mannion attributed Romney’s awkwardness to inexperience, Sabato compared Obama to former incumbents, readers weighed in on conservative wisecracks and Matt Welch profiled Ezra Klein. Meanwhile, in the ad war news, Romney rolled out 15 new ads. Looking more globally, Andrew urged outrage on Obama’s Gitmo policy, our torture record worsened and an expert questioned Israel’s ability to attack Iran. Francis Fukuyama outlined Burma’s needs, security in Iraq deteriorated and a Mexican photojournalist honored the dead. Then as an Egyptian botanist proffered plummy marital advice, Charles Kenny hailed decades-long growth in China. In assorted commentary, Andrew advised a paranoid stoner, Hanna Rosin addressed blogs with male biases, and a historian explained the appeal of destroying New York. Katherine Boo promoted reporting through observation, Federer lamented line-call humiliation, and while Michael Byrne contemplated shyness, Doree Shafrir recounted scary parasomniac spells. Samantha Weinberg recounted David Attenborough’s career as some comedians bloomed late and Samsara opened. FOTD here, Psy-related MHB here and VFYW here. – G.G. The rest of the week after the jump:

Thursday on the Dish, Andrew live-blogged the last day of the convention, calling Obama’s speech a non-gamechanger. And as Nate Silver reviewed the poll numbers, Andrew projected an Obama bump – something bloggers did too. Meanwhile, readers pushed back on Andrew’s Bowles-Simpson argument and the omens looked good for tomorrow’s job numbers.

Reviewing Clinton’s performance yesterday, as bloggers reacted, Nate Cohn called Clinton the “perfect surrogate” and Frum found Clinton’s highlighting of Medicaid effective. Buzzfeed deconstructed Clinton’s riffs, Jonathan Bernstein noted that Republicans aren’t into Clinton types and Dave Noon charted GOP platform god cameos.

Earlier in the day, Obama’s campaign pushed the gay thing, Krauthammer conspiracy theorized and Michael Scherer broke down what Obama must accomplish. Andrew Romano studied Mitt’s unfavorability, and Kornacki wondered about the effectiveness of Warren’s speech as readers weighed in as well. Hillary, meanwhile, didn’t break the law, Frank burnished a gavel, and James Joyner insisted that vets don’t need our pity. And as Michelle Obama’s speech charmed China, content-mongerers hogged convention rights.

In election coverage, Andrew worried about our debt levels, Joe Klein lamented the potential for political paralysis and Romney’s mug might help him win. And while Romney’s campaign aired a Clinton-Obama-schism ad, Larison doubted Romney’s foreign policy moderation.

Armstrong cheated, a robot raced and cars drove themselves. Hanna Rosin defended hook-up culture – and explained the wage gap. Geeta Dayal flagged research on headsets, sun and happiness decoupled, and Syria splintered.

VFYW here, MHB here and don’t forget to ask Ta-Nehisi anything – and John Hodgman, too!

Bill

Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images

Wednesday on the Dish, Andrew applauded Clinton’s speech, saying “he finally told [Obama’s] story.” Earlier in the day, Andrew saidof course, we’re better off” than four years ago, as he worried about Elizabeth Warren’s convention prominence and clarified data from last night’s speeches.

In additional convention coverage, Dems ran a two-toned event, Sargent explained the basis for the Obama team’s confidence and the GOP huffed about the Ted Kennedy tribute video. Millman ho-hummed about Clinton’s speech, readers reacted to Charlotte Day 1 and Deval Patrick’s QOTD here. Meanwhile, the GOP won the stimulus rhetoric war and Clint’s speech left as big an impression as Romney’s did. And as readers considered the MS plights of Ann Romney and Michelle Obama’s father, Scott Morgan bet that Dems wouldn’t talk about pot.

In campaign commentary, Walter Kirn called 2012 the “most compelling election in years,” Beinart highlighted the Dem’s overall strategy and the blogosphere debated Romney’s gubernatorial record. And while the Romney campaign perpetuated Ryan’s Jamesville fib, Dems looked as if they have a chance to hold the Senate and Jack Shafer posited a fact-checking theory.

In assorted coverage, Andrew called out new data on circumcision and admired John Cage. Marc Lynch posed a question about Arab monarchs, a reader weighed in on the controversy of American Indian lineage and Glaswegians died at high rates. Peter Salisbury warned of Yemen’s water situation as Lindsay Abrams reviewed the dark history of ex-gay therapy.

Meanwhile, a Scot found an old bottle, Keith Humphreys examined the gateway effect and the TSA swabbed coffee. Kottke admired the paralympics race, and as Hanna discussed minority women, Fred Clark augured mobile home trouble and Cord Jefferson assessed tchotchkes.

VFYW here, FOTD here, more cat predation here, and don’t forget to ask Ta-Nehisi Coates anything!

Firstfamily

Pete Souza/White House

Tuesday on the Dish, Andrew’s live-blogging of Day 1 of Charlotte concluded with praise for the Dems and for Michelle Obama’s “centrist performance.” Blogger reax here and Twitter reax here. Earlier, Andrew sketched out Obama’s tactical opening on the budget, explained Bill Clinton’s task and excoriated the Obama administration’s whitewashing of CIA crimes. And after hailing the loyalty of Obamacons, Andrew ultimately still saw the race as Romney’s to lose. In the run-up to this evening’s speeches, Andrew Romano profiled Julian Castro, bloggers wondered how Michelle Obama might leverage her popularity, and Silver said polls produced a split verdict on the post-convention bounce.

Silver then reminded us of the Friday jobs report, and as Sarah Issenberg investigated campaigns’ data ops, Seth Masket graphed Obama’s ground game advantage. Meanwhile, readers contextualized Romney’s “bilking” of the FDIC, Jared Bernstein broke down Romney’s promise to create 12 million jobs and, in ads, the GOP unleashed a Carter-smear campaign. And as readers reacted to Wieseltier, it turned out Clint borrowed from a long history of empty chair-addressing.

On the international front, Stephen Walt disagreed with always leading from the front, while Meir Javedanfar accused Obama of damaging Iran. And as Frum predicted a global food shortage, Ansar Eddine wreaked havoc in Mali and Felix Salmon debunked the worry of hyperinflation. In assorted coverage, Andrew Solomon detailed the brutal choices of women impregnated by rape, Vonnegut brought marriage contracts down to earth, and exit signs bore a carbon footprint. Malise Ruthven explored the apocalypse through Mormonism, Jesse Ellison detailed Maine’s foundering lobster industry and Hanna addressed boys’ performance. VFYW contest here, FOTD here, MHB here, VFYW here, and don’t miss our new indexing format, which today featured our ongoing coverage murderous felines.

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By Joe Raedle/Getty Images

Monday on the Dish, Andrew live-blogged Tampa Day 3, tore into the “spectacular vacuousness” of Romney’s speech, and, responding to Frum’s speculation on Romney’s foreign policy, doubted the nominee’s backbone. Blogger reax of Romney’s speech here and Twitter reax here.

In Tampa Day 2 coverage, Andrew eviscerated Paul Ryan’s many lies, Suderman called Ryan out on Medicare, and readers reacted, weighing in on Susana Martinez, in particular. Fred Kaplan was miffed by McCain’s and Rice’s gall and Steve Coll dismissed Christie’s leadership skills. Alex Blagg nominated Ryan for Boy Detective and Comedy Central evaluated the RNC joke success rate. And in the run-up to Romney’s acceptance speech, Charlie Cook contended that the it was the most important of his campaign, Millman labeled Romney a leader that “nobody wants to follow,” and a chart of the day presented the GOP concept of imminent threats.

Meanwhile, as the campaign aired a slew of Bain ads, Tim Dickinson revealed the extortionate style of Romney’s negotiation for the bailout of Bain and readers asked whether the new evidence meant he “didn’t build that.” Tax experts proved that Romney’s plan requires raising middle-class taxes and Matt Taibbi excoriated Romney as emblematic of “lunatic pursuit of instant borrowed millions.” In other election coverage, Nyhan mulled the impact of fact-checking, Martin Wolff framed Murdoch’s Romney dilemma, and Lindsey Graham lamented the loss of “angry white guys.” Obama outflanked mainstream media via Reddit, CNN’s camerawoman spoke out on racism at the RNC and Patrick Ruffini noted the marketing style of modern campaign-craft. Nate Silver ID’ed Ohio as a key swing state, a fake ad took “legitimate rape” to its logical extreme, and Michael Moore advised people to start practicing saying “President Romney.”

In assorted coverage, Andrew called attention to Sandusky apologism from Father Benedict Groeschel and Syria’s body count grew. Stephen Burd wanted a new student loan system, Matt Shafeek praised slow-build comedy, and while Kevin Carey reported on online education efforts, the digital natives were restless. Hanna Rosin discussed the upshot of the end of men, Hollywood exposed itself to piracy, pink flamingos roosted in suburbia and a fat reader cut into the tight workout clothing concept. As Isaac raged, a FOTD captured a displaced mother and child in Kentwood, Louisiana, and, on a brighter note, reporters weathered the hurricane hilariously. Old Spice swooning here, VFYW here and a Robert Herrick poem here.

Jesus

Image from Christian Piatt’s round-up of church signs

Saturday and Sunday on the Dish, love and literature dominated our coverage. In the realm of romance, Lydia Kiesling searched for the perfect wedding reading, XKCD revealed the dismal odds of finding your soulmate, Nora Caplan-Bricker found a new book about sex at Yale unimpressive, Sybil Sage named Helen Gurley Brown a coach for the sexual revolution, Hanna Rosin evaluated today’s hookup culture, the wife of a deployed British soldier described the hardships of being married to a military man, Yelena Akhtiorskaya pointed to the drudgery of being the wife of a great Russian writer, and Bernard Avishai revisited that tale of sexual neuroses and desire, Portnoy’s Complaint. Last but not least, Anna Smith covered the difficulties of dating in the little people community.

In books coverage, Mark O’Connell confessed his literary promiscuity, Evan Kindley reviewed the once symbiotic relationship between writers and the Democratic Party, Daniel Mendelsohn provided a formula for good criticism, Benjamin Percy advocated for the slow book movement, and Clive James commended film critic Pauline Kael’s writings that proved her acute judgment went beyond movies. We rounded up the reviews of D.T. Max’s biography of David Foster Wallace and, as a new collection of Jack Kerouac’s poetry hit the shelves, the volume’s editor celebrated his capacity to capture the “universal experience of being alive.” Read Saturday’s poem here, Sunday’s here, and Monday’s here.

Faith and doubt made their usual appearances on the Dish as well. William Deresiewicz critiqued our attachment to the Protestant work ethic, Vaughan Bell diagnosed the medical symptoms listed in Psalm 137, Robin Varghese unearthed V.S. Naipaul’s memoir of religious dimension of the 1984 Republican convention, Brian Jay Stanley explored the obstacles to faith in a pluralistic world, Peter Frase reminded us there once was a “Saint Monday,” and Alexander Nazaryan championed Sir Thomas Browne’s 17th century doubt amidst our own modern certainties.  We didn’t forget about the Mormons, either. Laura Winer noted the faith’s conflicts with history and Sue Spinale McCrory hoped Mormonism’s dietary dimension would get more attention.

Amidst our assorted coverage, we dabbled in philosophy – John Gray praised an older generation of liberal thinkers who grasped democracy’s conflict with freedom, Ray Monk explained the surprising connection between photography and philosophy in Wittgenstein’s thought, Randy Cohen answered a frequently asked ethical dilemma, and Brent Forrest went in search of an eccentric Russian math genius. Almost as importantly in the search for wisdom, we highlighted a documentary about that great sage, The Dude, and noted why you should consider sleeping rather than cramming for those exams. In politics, Craig Unger deplored Karl Rove’s tactics, Bob Duggan wondered what Frank Lloyd Wright was doing at the GOP convention, and Julia David recalled the time-honored tradition of plying voters with booze. In miscellaneous news, Tom Stafford divulged the reason for the stopped clock illusion, Devin Friedman checked out the highest-grossing nightclub in Las Vegas, Quentin Fottrell warned that there’s no afterlife for your Itunes, Robert Pearlman recounted Neil Armstrong’s strange form of life insurance, Jed Kolko crunched the numbers on where its actually most affordable to live, The Economist disclosed why the airlines are broke, Kay Steiger analyzed why college mainly is for rich kids, Tom Vanderbilt surveyed advances in biomimicry, Kelsey Campbell-Dollaghen appreciated art made from surveillance footage, and Michelle Nijhuis detailed the horrors of Chinese alcohol.

Hathos alert here. FOTDs here, here, and here. MHBs here, here, and here. VFYWs here, here, and here – and the latest window contest here.

Finally, on this Labor Day weekend, Mike Dash believed that hoping for a world without work is what makes us human.

– G.G.

Email Of The Day

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A reader adds her thoughts to these from earlier today:

You know, I've been scratching my head this morning about the pundits' luke-warm (at best) response to Obama's speech, and trying to figure out why I felt so differently last night.  I agree it was a more cautious speech than he's given in the past, more sober, more plain – but I thought all of that was appropriate.  I felt like he was being square with me.  But more than that, I felt not so much hopeful as proud.  I'm a liberal, and mostly a cynic about politics and patriotism – but last night, I felt proud!  I feel like what Obama accomplished last night was to co-opt all the best values and aspirations of the formerly moderate Republican party – hard work, self-reliance, frugality, the notion that change is best when it is slow and steady – and stitch them seamlessly into everything that is good about the values of the Democratic party – inclusiveness, shared sacrifice, community, generosity, fearless forward thinking.  And it seems to me that's quite an accomplishment. 

(Photo: US President Barack Obama greets First Lady Michelle Obama, Vice President Joe Biden, and his wife Jill as they arrive on stage after speaking during a campaign event at Strawbery Banke Field in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, on September 7, 2012. Obama said that a new report showing the US economy created just 96,000 jobs last month was "not good enough." In his first campaign event following his convention speech, Obama noted, however, that the economy had added jobs for 30 straight months while it was losing 800,000 jobs a month when he took office. By Saul Loeb/AFP/Getty Images)

Ad War Update: The Romney Avalanche

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Above is a screenshot of the 15 new ads the Romney campaign is now airing in the eight core battleground states, each following an almost identical formula that hits Obama on economic issues tailored to each state. Every ad begins with a cut from Romney's convention speech:

This president can ask us to be patient. This president can tell us it was someone else's fault. But this president cannot tell us that you're better off today than when he took office.

Then the ads pivot into state-specific claims:

Here in [state], we're not better off under President Obama. [list of problems Obama is implied to be responsible for].

Romney's plan? [list of generic GOP solutions], create [number] new jobs for [state].

The issues vary by state but include defense spending/national security, low home values, energy policy, the deficit, unemployment rates, government regulation, and trade/China. Some examples: In ads for CO, FL, NC, OH and VA, the Romney campaign says Obama's "defense cuts will weaken national security and threaten [large #] of [state] jobs." In CO and IA, the campaign says Obama's "excessive government regulations are crushing" job creation or family farms. In VA, Obama's "war on coal, gas, and oil is crushing energy and manufacturing jobs." In OH and NC, Obama's "failed economic and trade policies with China have destroyed thousands of jobs." In FL, it's about home values and foreclosure rates. In NH, it's about high fuel prices.

Romney's proposed solutions include, verbatim:

Reverse Obama's defense cuts, strengthen our military,

Tax cuts for middle class families, North American energy independence,

Repeal Obama's excessive regulations, foster innovation,

Cut government spending, eliminate the deficit,

Cut taxes and red tape for small businesses, improve education and job training,

Provide alternatives to foreclosure, end the mortgage lending freeze,

Stand up to China, reverse Obama job-killing policies,

And every ad ends with a promise to create some large number of jobs in each respective state. Here's a military-centric ad for Virginia:

And here's an ad for Iowa on government regulation:

So far it seems as though the Romney campaign has spent around $4.5 million to air the 15 ads this weekend, but it's not yet clear how much more they will spend on this blitz. In contrast, the Obama campaign released only one new ad, a GOTV push for young voters that ran during last night's MTV Video Music Awards:

Elsewhere, Claire McCaskill is out with a clever new ad championing her centricity:

In miscellaneous news, with ten weeks left to go until Election Day, outside spending has already surpassed the 2008 pre-Citizens United amount. Lucia Moses has put together a fantastic set of infographics tracking the campaigns' overwhelmingly negative tone. On a lighter note, last night the Obama campaign promoted tweets based on the usage of the Joe Biden's favorite word. And Comedy Central is running political-style attack ads against "rivals" CNN and Fox News:

Ad War archive here.

The Tennis Game-Changer

Ashley Fetters investigates the sport's use of instant review technology, which allows players to challenge line calls by the chair umpires. The influence has not been entirely positive:

Roger Federer's chief complaint was that challenges actually put undue pressure on the players to know whether balls were inside or outside the line. "We would like to be able to rely a little bit on umpires," Federer said. "They tend to now just let us do the work, the tough stuff. They let us get embarrassed, basically." And that's true: The humiliation factor works on players, too. Being wrong in public is hard for everybody, and it's a bummer to have wasted a challenge when only a meager three are allotted. Plus, stadiums full of fans have been known to snicker at players who make challenges on obviously valid calls.

Gray Comedy

Justin Gray rounds up the late bloomers of stand-up. On the late Ron Shock, who only took to the stage at the age of 40:

[His] accomplishments before starting his stand-up career include student of the priesthood, car thief, member of the chain gang, prison inmate, and vice president of a Fortune 500 company (MacMillan publishers). So, yeah, this guy had shit to say. Drawing upon this remarkable resume, Shock shot up the comedy ranks pretty quickly.

The Say-Nothing Speakers

Hamilton Nolan reflects on the role of spokespeople:

[I]t is fundamentally impossible, due to the nature of the position, for anything of value to come out of a political spokesperson's statement on a political event such as this convention, yet such statements are also a fundamental feature of the news coming out of these events. And it's not just the official spokespeople. Also at the briefing was Jason Crow, an Army veteran who served in Afghanistan and Iraq and who delivered enthusiastic comments in favor of Obama's work on veteran's issues and on gays in the military. What do you think of how Obama has actually prosecuted the wars? I asked Crow. He said Obama has used the Army "in a very thoughtful way," and "the president understands" the tribulations of soldiers now on their eighth and ninth tours of duty.

Though not an official DNC spokesman, Jason Crow has (reasonably) decided to become involve in political issues by allying himself with the Democratic party, which is all well and good—but once doing so, he loses much of his value as an interview subject, because rather than speak his mind, he confines his comments to statements of support for the administration. So what all the political people end up doing is thinking up new and more creative and more superficially nuanced ways to compliment Obama, and the press ends up thinking up new and more creative and more superficially nuanced ways to turn these statements of support into news stories. What is lacking in this whole process is honesty, unpredictability, and the possibility of actual news breaking out.