Inked In America

In 2012, tattooed women outnumbered tattooed men for the first time in US history. Steven Heller reviews the recently re-released Bodies of Subversion: A Secret History of Women and the Tattoo by Margot Mifflin:

In the early 20th century, tattoos were stigmatized (even illegal in some jurisdictions) because of their association with raunchy male imagery. Middle-class women who were tattooed knew they would be considered “loose” or seedy if they showed their marks. By the ’60s and ’70s, tattooing became more directly linked to the counterculture, and remained so until the 2000s. Now tattoos are not as subversive or associated with “bad” women—instead, they have become fashion accessories of the most indelible kind.

Although “not all tattooed women were considered freaks—tattooed society women wore discreet decorative tattoos, which were trendy in the late 19th century, first in London, then in New York,” heavily inked women were considered “a violation of nature.” Something similar could be said for men, but women were decidedly less accepted because “they were more explicitly associated with nature through motherhood and female intuition and other feminine intangibles that disqualified them from having much influence in culture.” The circus and carnival freak-show ladies were also guilty of transgression because they showed bare skin in public.

Regarding the woman seen above:

Mifflin refers in her book to Olive Oatman, “a tragically bicultural American” who was orphaned after her family was killed by Southwest Indians in the 1850s, then adopted and raised by Mohave Indians who gave her a chin tattoo as a mark of tribal acceptance. After she was ransomed back to the whites at age 19, she was stranded between the two cultures and the tattoo marked her as a Mohave and functioned as a kind of ethnic barrier. “It’s somehow fitting,” Mifflin said, “In light of our colonial past and our multicultural present, that the first American tattooed woman was a white Indian. She literally embodied the two cultures on which the country was founded.”

Check out more images from the new edition here.

Face Of The Day

Opening Day: Baltimore Orioles Vs. Boston Red Sox At Fenway Park

Matt McClelland, of Warwick, R.I., left; and Keith Couto, of Rumford, R.I.; dig in to Kayem Italian sausages before the game. They have been season-ticket holders for 14 years and the sausages are a tradition. ‘We’ve been looking forward to sausage sandwiches and beers all morning!’ said Couto. Red Sox fans crammed into Yawkey Way in front of Fenway Park before the start of the Red Sox home opener against the Baltimore Orioles. By Dina Rudick/The Boston Globe via Getty Images.

Spoiler Protection

A cool new example:

The fansite Tower of the Hand has developed a unique, and uniquely user-friendly, approach to spoilers: a “scope” system in which readers select the point they’ve reached in the series (book or show) using a toggle bar that hides or reveals information in the article they’re visiting according to their selection. By tagging different sections of each article according to the corresponding source material—”Book 1,” “Book 2,” and so on—site co-founders John Jasmin and Alex Smith are able to customize their reference materials, reviews, and essays to the needs of each individual reader.

A Win For Emergency Contraception

Last Friday a judge ruled that the morning-after pill must be provided over the counter to women of all ages, a policy that the Obama administration’s FDA has fought. Scott Lemieux explains the case: 

The opinion by Reagan-appointed District Court judge Edward Korman … makes a compelling legal case that the override of the FDA was illegal. The crucial factor underlying Korman’s opinion is the question of whether the executive branch followed the appropriate procedures. Congress, for better or worse, has the broad authority to regulate the availability of drugs. If it chose to ignore the scienitific evidence and perversely choose policy goals that would make unwanted teen pregancies more common, it is probably free to do so. The executive branch, however, does not have the same discretion to make policy choices in this case. As Korman notes, under longstanding precedent “an irrational departure” from established agency procedures may be subject to overturning as being “arbitrary and capricious.” The power to make the relevant policies were delegated by Congress to the FDA, and the scienitific judgments of the professionals at the FDA can be overriden by the political appointees of the executive branch only on scienitific grounds.

Amanda Hess adds her two cents:

Reproductive health has always been a point of political posturing. But one of the more interesting lessons of the 14-year fight over Plan B is how seamlessly political obstruction translated from a conservative administration to an ostensibly progressive one—President Bush’s move appealed to his base, and President Obama’s move appealed to Bush’s base, too. By the time [National Women’s Liberation] filed this latest suit—and won—Obama was already cleared for another four years. Within a month, the United States will finally offer medicine to women and girls because it makes medical sense.

Nuclear Power Saved Lives

Deaths Nuclear Prevented

About 1.84 million of them, according to a recent report. Austin Considine summarizes:

Those lives were spared, researchers say, because nuclear power spared the earth’s atmosphere 64 gigatons of CO2-equivalent greenhouse gas emissions. That’s a lot of poison. What’s more, they argue, an additional 80 to 240 gigatons and another 420 million deaths could be prevented by around 2050 if we replace some of our fossil fuels with nuclear power over time.

There’s a big difference between the estimated 1.8 million from the last 40 years and 420 million in the next 40 years. Some of that is attributable to the world’s growing population. But some is because the world is industrializing in places like China, where fossil-fuel pollution is a major problem. As the graph above indicates, estimated rates of annual lives saved by nuclear power has grown steadily for decades.

A Remote Relationship

Aaron Hartzler chronicles being a gay man raised in a fundamentalist Christian home:

[W]hen I finally came out, Mom broke her silence on the subject. “It would be easier to go to your funeral than to know you are going to spend the night with that man.” This was the fevered pitch of the bullying, the loudest it ever became. Since then, the noise has subsided along with any meaningful communication between us, buried beneath the shallow serifs of her email italics — cheerful updates about the weather in places I’ve never lived, and people I’ve never met, at churches I’ll never attend.

Growing up means learning to hold two opposing views about the same thing. It’s not that I’ve stopped loving Mom and Dad — I haven’t. It’s just that I’ve accepted the fact that they may be as powerless as I am to change. Turns out unconditional love is a two-way street, so I protect myself with a few well-placed guardrails — one of which is the relative distance of communicating with Mom mainly by text and email.

Degrees Of Unemployment

Jodan Weissmann parses the varied views on what a college degree is worth right now:

It’s safe to assume that the recent BLS figures have brightened up a bit over the course of our slow but steady jobs recovery. Yet any way you slice it, there are far more jobless college grads around than the United States is used to seeing. In the end, most sophisticated college critics aren’t that worried about unemployment, though. Rather, they’re worried about underemployment. There’s a very loud chorus who believe that droves desperate BA’s are strapping on barista aprons and answering phones as temps just to make ends meet, rather than starting stable professional careers. In the process, goes the argument, they’re tragically pushing high school grads who would ordinarily fill those jobs even further down the economic food chain.

The problem isn’t imaginary. A few days back, the Wall Street Journal’s Ben Casselman reported that 284,000 Americans with a BA or higher were working in jobs that paid minimum wage or less, about double the pre-recession total (as shown in the the paper’s graph above). According to the BLS, the vast majority of those workers were actually in sub-minimum-wage jobs, meaning they were probably working for tips. The number of over-educated waiters and waitresses out there, in other words, has blown up quite a bit.

Matt Brueing underscores how much worse it is for those without a degree:

To my delight, Catherine Ruetschlin and Tamara Draut released a new Demos report yesterday about the job crisis afflicting young Americans, with a specific emphasis on the majority of youth who have no college degree. And those numbers are brutal. People between the ages of 18-24 without a high school degree face an unemployment rate of 27.4% and an underemployment rate of 41.7%. Those in the same age group with only high school degrees face an unemployment rate of 19.7% and an underemployment rate of 34.6%.

In the 25-34 age group, the numbers are somewhat better, but still bad. Those between the ages of 25-34 without a high school degree have an unemployment rate of 15.4% and an underemployment rate of 29.2%. Those with only high school degrees have an unemployment rate of 11.2% and an underemployment rate of 19.9%. In short, it’s terrible to be young in this job market, and really terrible to be in it without a degree.

David

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Joe Klein remembers his friend:

I spent Easter Sunday with David in hospice. He couldn’t talk and had difficulty swallowing. We held hands for seven hours. He could understand what I was saying and he would squeeze my hand in response to my recollections of our times together—the red convertible, the Bible study, the times he asked me—a man old enough to be his father—for advice, the times, the many times, he gave me comfort and support and inspiration.

David always closed every conversation by saying, “I love you, Joe Klein.” I think he probably said that as often as my wife has. And so I must close this by saying one last time, “I love you, David Kuo.” And I will always love you, and I will always have your enormous heart and spirit to guide me. And I will miss you, and so will the world, especially the least of these. I love you, David Kuo.

I love him too. And I do not deploy this active verb for additional pathos. I believe, as David believed, that David is still here and everywhere, finally resting in the bliss of Jesus.

He and I did not become the kind of friends that Joe and he were. We saw each other occasionally, chatted on the phone, emailed constantly, but spent little time in each other’s physical presence.

And yet I have to say that I felt his presence a great deal in my life. This last Holy Week, he wouldn’t leave me alone. At the Good Friday service, it was as if he were next to me in the pew, enduring his Passion, doubting, fearing, crying out for help. I felt him very powerfully yesterday as I stopped on one of the piers on the Hudson River Park with the dogs and found myself lost in some kind of word-less conversation with him. In Washington or New York or London, in journalism and academia, it is hard to find fellow Christians to simply be with, to be free with. I am not a holy roller of any sort and David was a bit. But the candor of his faith and his total acceptance of mine – and our shared spiritual experience of living posthumously – made all our differences evaporate.

And there was something Jesus-like about David. He soon recovered from any fleeting belief in politics, let alone that fatal dance between the ineffable and the electable. He experienced, as I did, an early premonition of mortality, but unlike me, then had to live the illness in all its brutal, battering humiliation. He walked the Via Dolorosa. And do not believe for a moment that he somehow did that flawlessly. He was no saint in the fantasized sense. He fell time and time again. And he told me about it time and time again. There was no wall there; no guile; just a form of transparency which rested in truth. Which is a form of sanctity. Certainly, I find it hard to believe in a sanctity that is free from sin.

His suffering tore me up. After the last time I hugged him and walked him to my apartment door, I wondered if he could make it down the stairs his shuffling walk was so stilted. Yet he managed to drive home and called me to confirm he was OK. Yes, like a lot of sick people, he somehow seemed to be the care-giver at times. And yes, sometimes I needed his care more than he needed mine.

Maybe it was the way he brought up all those memories of my peers struggling against imminent death at an ungodly age; maybe it was his calm, steady humor and curiosity over our dinners, even as he had been dry-heaving the night before; maybe it was the unexpected sharing, the brutal truth he could impetuously dole out, or his indifference to the tribalisms of the capital city, or his impatience with any nonsense like homophobia. But he did not just make the world less lonely. He made it ever so slightly brighter, the colors more vivid, the love stronger, the urgency greater.

I am so happy for him now.  He is where he always was – in Jesus’ presence. But now with no earthly frustration to get in the way. David can be now. Just be. And what a being he is.