Handing Over Homs

https://twitter.com/HalaJaber/statuses/464052929620869120

Syrian rebels have ceded the central city of Homs to the regime:

Rebels are attempting to portray the deal less as a military defeat and more as a strategic compromise. Anti-regime activists say that besieged residents have been so weakened by the siege, which has caused chronic shortages of food there. “Revolutionaries inside have nothing at all. You would think it’s impossible for them to survive, but they did for two years,” says Samer al-Homsi, a 27-year-old activist in Homs who goes by a pseudonym to protect his identity. “At this point, they are facing sure death so it’s best for them to leave and maybe resume the fight later. For them it does feel like a victory that they’ve managed to survive.”

In practical terms, the deal appears to offer the best possible outcome for the rebels considering their position, says Syria analyst Noah Bonsey of the International Crisis Group. “Given that rebels lacked the means to gain ground within the city or to secure their exit militarily, this safe passage holds clear value.” Still, says al-Homsi, the capitulation will be a permanent “lump lodged in the rebels’ throats. Homs was known as the capital of the revolution.”

The regime is being unusually magnanimous:

As part of the truce, rebels were allowed to leave the besieged city peacefully under the supervision of regime forces and UN delegates; they were also permitted to keep their personal weapons. The rebels promised to open a safe passage to allow for food and medical aid to reach the government-controlled enclaves of Nubul and Zahraa outside the northern city of Aleppo, another big battleground. For months, rebels had blocked access to these two cities.

To uphold its end of the deal, the government promised to grant amnesty to 50 people who defected from the regime to the rebel forces in Homs. The government also promised not to arrest the rebels once they reached regime checkpoints; earlier this year, a more limited evacuation led to the detainment of several rebels at checkpoints.

Juan Cole explains the strategic significance of the city:

The rebel strategy last year this time was to take Homs (they held part of the city) and its hinterland, towns like al-Qusayr. The rebels, mainly Sunni Arabs and increasingly leaning toward extremist groups, hoped to use their dominance of Homs to cut Damascus off from both Latakia and from the Lebanese ports. At the same time, they intended to take the airports, including small military ones, so as to prevent resupply by air from Russia and Iran. Damascus would be under siege and gradually would weaken and ultimately surrender.

The rebel plan was defeated by several regime responses.

“Our Greatest Ally” Ctd

A reality check:

According to classified briefings on legislation that would lower visa restrictions on Israeli citizens, Jerusalem’s efforts to steal U.S. secrets under the cover of trade missions and joint defense technology contracts have “crossed red lines.” Israel’s espionage activities in America are unrivaled and unseemly, counterspies have told members of the House Judiciary and Foreign Affairs committees, going far beyond activities by other close allies, such as Germany, France, the U.K. and Japan. A congressional staffer familiar with a briefing last January called the testimony “very sobering … alarming … even terrifying.” Another staffer called it “damaging.”

The Israelis have responded forcefully to this – by denying that they spy at all and – surprise! – by accusing the writer, Jeff Stein, of being an anti-Semite. Stein responded today with more reporting, including this gem from a source at a congressional briefing on Israeli spying in 2013:

“I was in this briefing — there were several,” … a former congressional aide told Newsweek. “The one I was in had senior staffers from foreign affairs, the full committee, the subcommittee … from judiciary, Republicans and Democrats, senior leadership staff. I don’t think there was anyone in there who didn’t work for a member that wasn’t ardently and publicly pro-Israel,” he said. “And afterwards, we were saying, ‘No way. You’ve got to be fucking kidding.’” The evidence of Israeli spying was overwhelming, he said. Visa waivers was off the table. “The voices in the room,” the aide recalled, were, “‘There’s just no way that this is possible.’”

Oh yes there is.

Draft Day

Missouri v Mississippi

Nate Silver rates Michael Sam’s chances of being picked at 50-50. Daniel D. Snyder examines the downplaying of Michael Sam’s skills:

It’s not uncommon for players to lose draft stock over non-football issues. Every year, terms like “character concerns,” “low motor,” and “locker room diva” get flung around during the draft process, and they have the power to drive players, deserving or not, into the later rounds and even right off the board. … Michael Sam doesn’t have these issues. He has no arrest record. He has a high motor. He has the love of his teammates, who have called him a “great guy” and a “great leader.” He is, by all accounts, the kind of high-character prospect coaches gush over at press conferences. So in the absence of a negative, his detractors have taken to attacking his football acumen instead.

The trouble is that these criticisms don’t hold up to actual analysis. In one of the many incorrect assessments of Sam’s game, one NFC scout in [Milwaukee Journal Sentinel columnist Bob] McGinn’s piece said, “He has trouble in space and struggles changing directions.” As it turns out, this may be what Sam does best. Retired NFL lineman Stephen White, in his extensive breakdown on SB Nation, called Sam “the best corner rusher I have broken down thus far.” Better even than his teammate and projected first-round pick Kony Ealy, who, it should be noted, Sam outproduced while playing in the same system against the same competition.

Robert Silverman’s take on the Sam evaluations:

 The difficulty is that both Michael Sam the football player and Michael Sam the gay football player are being evaluated as a prospect by a multibillion-dollar business, specifically one that treats both its potential and current workers like hunks of very large, profit-generating meat that can and will be discarded or shunned at the drop of a hat if they in any way imperil the bottom line. …

You might call it cowardly or a convenient way to dodge the fact that they’re indirectly validating any bigotry on the part of both players and fans alike, and you wouldn’t necessarily be wrong. But corporations are not and have never been moral actors, or entities in service of the greater good. They exist to make a profit. Period.

But Joseph Stromberg NFL finds that, “despite years of data, most NFL teams still have no idea how to work the draft most effectively”:

It’s not their imperfect player evaluation, but something more basic — their refusal to follow the principle of risk diversification. That’s the conclusion economists Cade Massey and Richard Thaler came to after analyzingfifteen years of draft data in a series of papers — and it’s still true, despite recent changes to the wages rookies are paid.

Draft picks can be traded, and the success of any one player picked is highly uncertain. Because of that, their data says that in the current trade market, teams arealways better off trading down — that is, trading one high pick for multiple lower ones — but many teams become overconfident in their evaluation of one particular player and do the exact opposite: package several low picks for the right to take one player very early.

Aaron Gordon cites the same research:

To make the overconfidence effect even more pronounced, as Thaler and Massey wrote, the more information experts have to base their decisions on, the more confident they become. This wrinkle is particularly relevant this year, with the NFL draft being held two weeks later than normal. Teddy Bridgewater, a quarterback out of Louisville, provides a good case study: Over the past month or so, Bridgewater has fallen from being viewed as the top quarterback, and possibly the top player, in the draft to someone who’s not even worth a first-round pick. The number of games he’s played during that time: zero. Teams have been able to study Bridgewater for months, so what gives? With all this extra downtime to prepare for the draft, teams have time to second-guess themselves.

(Photo by Stacy Revere/Getty Images)

The GOP’s Latest Obamacare Mistake

German Lopez highlights it:

About 80 to 90 percent of Obamacare enrollees are paying their insurance premiums, major health insurers testified before Congress on Wednesday. The insurers’ testimony undercut a report from House Republicans that found only 67 percent of enrollees on Obamacare’s federal exchanges had paid their premiums. Insurers only start coverage after they have received a first month’s premium payment from an enrollee, making the percent paid an important metric to gauge how many people will actually gain coverage.

House Republicans’ report, insurers explained, got that metric wrong.

Allahpundit wonders why the House Republicans rushed to issue that 67 percent number:

Theory one: Stupidity. If and when the final payment numbers are released and it’s confirmed that 10-20 percent of new enrollees, a.k.a. 800,000 to 1.6 million people, will be tossed from the rolls, the White House now has some handy spin. “Once again Republicans underestimated ObamaCare,” they’ll say. “They thought we’d top out at 67 percent payment and we made it to 80 percent. Another victory!” Always a bad idea to lower expectations for your opponent. Theory two: Cynicism. Maybe the committee suspects (correctly) that most people don’t follow the news consistently but get it in bits and pieces at irregular times, especially when it comes to a subject as complex and long-running as ObamaCare. As such, they may have decided to float the 67 percent figure knowing/assuming it was bogus but confident that some low-information voters would notice it and conclude that O-Care was underperforming in yet another metric. Some of those voters will miss today’s news and the White House crowing to come about the correct figure and remain convinced that fully a third of new enrollees haven’t paid.

Suderman puts a negative spin on the new numbers:

The House GOP report was too early, ignored deadline issues, and turned out to be problematic as a result. But based on insurer testimony, the administration’s much-touted total of 8 million sign-ups is likely to be reduced by a million or more when converted into paid enrollments. In other words, the administration’s figures were too rosy by quite a bit—just not as much as House Republicans suggested.

Cohn frames the story very differently:

“What you have here is very solid first year enrollment, no matter how you slice it,” Dan Mendelson, president of Avalere Health, told Bloomberg’s Alex Wayne.

If an account of Wednesday’s hearings by The Hill‘s Elise Viebeck is accurate—I didn’t see them—the testimony from insurers didn’t sit too well with members of the House majority. “Republicans were visibly exasperated,” Viebeck reported, “as insurers failed to confirm certain assumptions about Obamacare.” Republicans have had plenty of chances to embarrass Democrats over Obamcare and, given the law’s very real shortcomings, they’ll be sure to have plenty more. But on Wednesday, it seems, Republicans mostly succeeded in embarrassing themselves.

Dissents Of The Day

Many readers are protesting along these lines:

Did you actually listen to the context of what they were discussing? If you don’t have the time to actually listen to a few minutes worth of what you’re passing on as “The Closed Mind of Neil DeGrasse Tyson“, then you probably don’t have the time think about the meaning of the word “meaning”.

Another goes after Damon Linker:

Rather than calling Linker’s hatchet-job a “must-read”, go and listen to what Neil DeGrasse Tyson actually said. Linker completely misrepresents him.

Yes, I did listen to the context and now I have listened to much more of it. Tyson reeks of scientism and rank condescension to philosophy and to philosophy’s role in humanity’s understanding of itself and the whole. The more I listened the more the philistinism deepened, the more the sophomoric cliches about philosophy proliferated – you “can’t cross a street”, for Pete’s sake, if you’re concerned with the ultimate questions! I’ve heard freshmen with sharper insights at 3am. Most troubling to me is the notion that all human thinking must somehow have some “productive” end or is worthless. One thing that distinguishes human beings from other animals is our self-consciousness, and all the questions that raises. But Tyson “doesn’t have time for that.” Another reader elaborates on the dissent:

I’ve listened to the clip, and I call bullshit on Linker’s hyperventilation over Tyson’s comments. Tyson was pretty clearly talking about the diminishing practical returns on philosophical debate, and he has a great goddamned point that many a liberal arts major should consider.

At what point does a person’s philosophizing cease to provide positive societal value, and become, in essence intellectual masturbation? At what point would society as a whole benefit from focusing more on the practicalities of modern science versus the arcane twaddle of modern philosophy? Tyson clearly believes that recent “discoveries” in philosophy are more masturbatory than helpful, and that we should focus our energies more productively.

Were his comments glib? Sure. (Although, Tyson and his fellow podcasters had just finished riffing on comparisons between Newton’s development of calculus and reality programming on TMZ, so the tongue-in-cheek nature of his comments is hardly out of line.) But that comment does not make Tyson “every bit as anti-intellectual as a corporate middle manager or used-car salesman.” It makes him a sarcastic SOB who thinks the world would have been better off if your six years of philosophy study at Whitman College had been spent studying electrical engineering at MIT. And its hard to argue that he is wrong.

Actually, it’s very easy to argue that he is wrong. If humanity had always had that perspective the very concepts of math and science would not exist. Another reader:

Tyson was referring to thinking big in the sophomoric, pseudo-intellectual way of someone taking their first philosophy class as an undergraduate. “What if we’re all brains in vats, man?” “What if I am all that exists?” “All of life is chemical reactions, so how do I know what is even real?”

These are all totally unanswerable questions that don’t lead anywhere. They don’t further knowledge in any meaningful sense. They just lead you into a cul de sac of admiring your own cleverness. It’s like the old bit from Gilbert and Sullivan: “If this young man expresses himself / In terms too deep for me, / Why, what a very singularly deep young man / This deep young man must be.”

Another who listened to the podcast:

It is my understanding that for philosophy to be effective, it needs to be rooted in logic. Which is why listeners need to start their assessment of Tyson’s point back to to at least 15:00, where Dr. Tyson states:

I don’t have a problem with these philosophical questions, just give me a way to test it. Math is about getting finite answers to infinite regressions. It it is measurable whether you like it or not. If you are distracted by your questions, you are being productive and not contributing to the real world.

As in, why is a pound a pound? What does the answer to that contribute to anything? Linker starts his rant on the Giordano Bruno overblown kerfuffle, to which I say, “What’s your point”? I find it laughable that Linker equates Tyson’s comments as derogatory to Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Hume, Kant, Hegel, Nietzsche, Heidegger, or Wittgenstein, as the latter references Aristotle in Cosmos as one of the great thinkers and that many of his ideas were proven once the logic and results of calculus was applied. In short, Damon Linker is quite thin-skinned.

I’d say my readers are. Look: I understand why DeGrasse Tyson is so popular (I’m not engaging in our long twilight struggle as to who will win the final battle for the most appearances on Colbert) and I’m a big believer in better and wider understanding of science. But when he responds to first order questions of meaning by demanding how he can test them, he is simply engaging in an irrelevance. The ways to test one school of thought is not the same as for another. Tyson is asserting that only science’s methods are valid as a search for truth. My view is that it is one way of seeking a particular truth – but that humanity, over the millennia, has developed others, just as relevant to the human condition, but with different forms of logic and understanding. In glibly dismissing any such claims, Tyson is, I believe, in this podcast, as Damon describes him.

Update from a reader:

I want to respond to your reader who claimed that “the world would have been better off if your six years of philosophy study at Whitman College had been spent studying electrical engineering at MIT.” I’m a senior web developer working on very large, complicated site builds. My undergrad degree focussed on oil painting, and my postgrad degree is an MFA in creative writing. A good friend of mine, one of the most talented network architects in the NY area (who is likely responsible for your NY readers being able to access your blog reliably), has an undergrad degree in philosophy and no formal training in his field. An informal poll of my colleagues reveals that almost none of them have an engineering or comp sci degree. As much as I appreciate your reader’s advice on our educational choices, I think we’re doing fine for ourselves. The dirty secret of engineering is that experience matters more than education, and knowing how to think and solve problems trumps all.

Bullied Kids Up In Arms

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A new study finds that kids who are bullied are more likely to bring a weapon, such a gun, a knife, or a club, to school with them. German Lopez compiles the findings into the chart seen above:

The results aren’t very surprising, given years of warnings from anti-bullying advocates. As Mother Jones points outStopBullying.gov previously indicated that 12 of 15 school shootings in the 1990s involved perpetrators with a history of being bullied. It’s worth mentioning, however, that the data shows correlation, not causation. It’s possible, for example, that people who carry weapons are more likely to fall into conflicts that lead to bullying. In those circumstances, weapons might not be carried for protection as much as aggression.

The data also doesn’t exclude other risk factors, such as mental illness or easy access to guns, from playing a role in school shootings. It’s unexplained in the study, for instance, how these students obtained weapons in the first place.

Scott Shackford fears that this finding will be used to justify more oppressive school policies:

Researchers estimate based on the poll that 200,000 teens being bullied are bringing weapons to school. … But if all these students are carrying weapons and yet there aren’t hundreds of thousands of incidences of school violence by bullying victims every day, what is the actual extent of the problem versus the fearmongering? Schools already have their terrible zero tolerance rules that have resulted in all sorts of twisted outcomes for stupid reasons. It’s easy to imagine misguided, indifferent school administrators responding to the study by exposing the bullied students to increased scrutiny, all in the guise of protecting student safety. That could have the additional impact of causing students to be even less likely to report harassment.

Ranting On The Phone At Starbucks

That’s what I did yesterday when Digiday called me up to ask about sponsored content. The resulting interview is here. Money quote:

Brian Braiker: Digiday runs sponsored content.

AS: You’re whoring yourself as well, but at least you’re covering the whoring! They’ve fired all their brothel reporters and started hiring them as brothel greeters.

Or something like that. I can get worked up after a tall, wet cappuccino.

Update from a reader:

As someone who does a lot of development of large media sites (my company specializes in this), I’m responsible for the technical implementation of many of these sponsored content schemes.

I agree with you. These publications are trashing their own credibility, and they will suffer in the long term.

That being said, I’m of a generation that doesn’t see the media as an institution in the same light that you do, so to me these are just businesses that are paying my company to torpedo their long-term viability. Which now that I think about it is pretty much what every media company we work with is doing in a number of different ways. There’s a real stink of desperation coming off of all of these guys, and they’re often very unpleasant to work with, as their stress and panic inevitably rolls downhill onto me. (It’s better than working for startups though, at least some of these companies still manage to make money.)

I’m happy to keep getting my news from you, and I’m also happy to pay for it. I think the patronage model is a better, more honest approach for both journalism and art (I refuse to refer to it as “content”), and your blog is proof that it can work. I don’t ever need to worry about you selling me stuff. If you ever have any questions about the nuts and bolts of how Google watches everything you do and then tells anyone who will pay, I’d be happy to answer them.

Nuclear Is Better Than The Alternative, Ctd

A reader agrees with me:

Yes, the left is blind on this issue. As an environmental engineer, I’m always puzzled by the reaction of so-called environmentalists who immediately reject nuclear. But the right isn’t any better. Neither political party will implement reprocessing. One, because they reject nuclear in general, and both, because terrorists.

We as a nation do not reprocess our fuel, thus we have massive amounts of fuel that must be stored. The Yucca Mountain depository was inadequate by the time it was built, with more spent fuel than capacity. In the 1970s, reprocessing was banned out of fear of terrorists getting their hands on plutonium. There are downsides to reprocessing – namely the process does create some very toxic waste streams (much more so than normal spent fuel) and potentially weapons-grade plutonium. However, France has reprocessed for decades and we’ve figured out techniques to avoid weapons grade fuel.

People don’t understand nuclear power and are needlessly scared of it because of Chernobyl and poor education on the topic (even in college). Having worked in refineries, coal plants, hydroelectric dams, and nuclear power plants, I would rather live inside a nuclear plant than within 10 miles of the others.

From an attorney who focuses on energy policy:

The basic thrust of your point is well-taken: environmentalists must be strategic about how we deal with nuclear energy, and forcing the immediate closure of nuclear plants is a counterproductive strategy, especially in parts of the country (such as the Northeast) where resources are already stretched to capacity and grid reliability is a pressing issue.

However, there are two things that you miss in your post.

First, increased reliance on nuclear energy would do essentially nothing to disentangle us from the Middle East. That part of the world supplies us with, of course, a significant amount of oil. But in the US, oil is consumed primarily for vehicle fuel, for industrial uses (i.e., plastics), and for home and industrial heating (among various other things); only a tiny fraction of it is user for electricity generation. In fact, only about 1 percent of our current electricity derives from burning oil at power plants, and no new oil-fired units are predicted in the near future. Nuclear fission, on the other hand, has only really only one major civilian application: generating electricity. (Of course, there are also various military uses for it, including weapons material and powering large ships and submarines.) There simply isn’t much overlap between oil and nuclear, and shifting our dispatch significantly to electricity generated from nuclear plants won’t help us much extricate ourselves from the Middle East.

Second, there’s economics. Let’s put aside for a moment all the other problems related with nuclear, such as safety, localized health impacts (which are  highly uncertain), proliferation risks, and the perpetual problem of waste storage and disposal. Nuclear electricity generation is, at the heart of it, just a damn expensive way to boil water. Even disregarding the generous public subsidies that nuclear energy enjoys, its overall cost per megawatt-hour is still more than that of various renewable energy sources, such as onshore wind and geothermal, and is comparable with that of solar (both rooftop solar and larger-scale generation). Moreover, the cost of solar is diminishing rapidly, and can be expected to do so on into the future; nuclear, not so much. Yes, many of these sources receive subsidies as well, but the rapid cost-saving innovations that are occurring as we speak more than justify that from an economic standpoint (to say nothing of the environmental benefits).

In short, while nuclear power plays a role in our current generation mix, it’s not the long-term solution to our electricity needs. Increasing our reliance on renewables and maximizing our opportunities for energy efficiency are.

Another reader speculates:

While I agree that there are many in the environmental movement who are on the wrong side of nuclear power, I think your previous post is too quick to label it as an ideological issue. Rather, I think it’s generational. I know that I and many others in my age range (born in the mid-’80s) are pretty agnostic when it comes to nuclear power. Our parents, however, lived through Three-Mile Island, through Chernobyl, or May 1953, when Chicago was pummeled with rain carrying radioactive dust. These were serious errors caused by either a lack of understanding or a lack of thorough oversight in nuclear power. My generation has never lived through these. The closest we have is Fukushima, and it’s hard to relate to a place that is that far away.

Another is less blasé about the dangers:

Just as you need to calculate the health and environmental effects into the electric cost of fossil fuel plants, you have to calculate the cost not only of waste disposal, safety, and security precautions, but the risk – however low – of having to evacuate and abandon an area in case of an incident like Fukushima and Chernobyl. What do you figure the cost per kilowatt hour at Fukushima was after adding in the still ongoing and fraught cleanup process there?

Every few decades nature seems to remind us that it is very hard to engineer a structure to account for every possibility. I am all for an everything-is-on-the-table approach to combat global warming and don’t discount the possibility that we will need to build more nuclear power production. But the burden is certainly on the industry and the government to convince the public that our existing plants are safe, nuclear waste is being responsibly taken care of, and future plants are prepared as they can be for “unpredictable” events.

The War Over The Core, Ctd

A reader sends the above video:

It occurs to me that this isn’t the first time parents like Louis C.K. have been upset about not being able to help their children with their math homework. Remember the New Math movement? Tom Lehrer wrote a song about it. As he sardonically says in the introduction, “The important thing is to understand what you’re doing, not to get the right answer.”

But another reader takes the idea of problem solving more seriously:

I don’t know a whole lot about the Common Core, nor about NCLB. But I am a scientist, so I know that Louis CK is complaining about the form of the questions. No longer is math addition and multiplications, like it was in his school days. No more: 34+98=, 102/3=, or 21×5=.  Currently, questions come as paragraphs full of words with the numerical issue hidden in them. So the current math questions are riddles in words that sometimes barely seem to contain numbers. Before getting to the numerical question, kids needs to decipher the question and reduce it to numbers. This adds a layer of complexity to the problem. It also requires problem solving, a life skill much more important than arithmetic. Incidentally, it is a skill that academics have been screaming for for years to get into pre-academic education.

I have taught basic physics at a university. A major frustration is that most students consider physics a numbers game. Get the formula, find the numbers, punch them into your calculator and tada!: an answer. That is not physics. Academics of all stripes face such oversimplification issues. Science and other complex issues are not simple. In modern society, we need people who can tackle complex problems – be it filling out a tax form, evaluating complex personal relations, getting ahead in your job, or redefining the way (paid) news is brought. We need people who can think critically.

Another is on the same page:

My younger son, who at 8 has been taught under Common Core standards since kindergarten, loves math. He loves all the different techniques they are teaching him and has a deeper understanding of math than his older brother, who was taught to memorize math facts. That I don’t know what he is doing half the time is a feature for him, not a bug.

Also, my Ph.D husband just “took” the NY sixth grade Common Core math test posted online and said it is absolutely the way math should be taught, with multi-step problems that require critical thinking. He was just concerned about how it is scored – in his mind, multi-step problems should be graded for partial credit – and if it was perhaps too much to expect of a sixth grader. But he wasn’t sure. He certainly thought the adults who claim they can’t answer the problems are either lying or were woefully unprepared by their schools.

But another reader is worried about how students with disabilities will fare under the new standards:

I don’t like the insinuation by your reader that merely getting the right answer isn’t enough, and that you have to show your work to show you “understand the math.” For someone who struggled to “do well” in math, even though I was very good at it, this makes my blood boil.

Allow me to explain: My fine motor skills are crippled to the point that I can only write by hand at a very slow speed. I remember taking an extra hour or skipping recess just to complete a paper or test – not because I was verbose, but because it took me that long to just to write the same amount of material. After getting this documented and implemented into an IEP/504 plan, I was able to get some accommodation in all my subjects through use of a word processor … except in math.

Math was hell to me, but not because I had problems doing it. In order to compensate for my disability, I learned the formulas enough to calculate the math in my head and use the space provided as scratch paper. I was thus able to get high SAT scores in math (in the 700 range, pre-2004 tests). But math teachers, very similar to your reader, did not like that. They wanted me to “show my work.” The problem with “showing my work” is that it turns what is supposed to be a 30-minute-long assignment into a 90-minute assignment (or sloppy 45-minute one), and made an hour-long homework assignment two and a half hours long, chewing into other subjects. It also made it very hard to stay focused, which made it difficult to get problems right.

Efforts to accommodate me were often ignored, not least because the math teachers had no idea how to handle a disabled student who was actually good at math, and doing it by computer was obviously out of the question. I was a C student for the most part, except in the two years I had one teacher who did accommodate me, and my first-year calculus course in college, which was taught by a disabled professor.

Common Core tests will be administered by computer, so maybe that will make life easier for a new generation of disabled students. Or maybe that will create new problems; a reader who graduated from high school in 2006 says his experience with proficiency exams left him skeptical:

One day in my 11th-grade AP English class, our teacher had us read a few essays other kids had written for our state assessment exams. We were provided with the definitions of the scoring structure and asked to apply the correct label to each of the four essays. We all easy identified the “needs improvement” and “advanced” essays, but when it came to identifying the “basic” and the “proficient” essay, almost all of us switched the two. Why? Because while both of the essays showed about the same level of comprehension, the “proficient” one was overly complicated in a way that detracted from the content, while the “basic” essay was straight to the point. With these Common Core standards, it looks like the feds and the states are doubling down on useless confusion.

Read the entire discussion thread here.

The Internet Giant You’ve Probably Never Heard Of

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Alibaba, China’s answer to Amazon, has filed a prospectus (pdf) with the SEC for what might turn out to be the biggest Internet IPO ever:

The real figure is expected to climb to between $15 billion and $20 billion as the company gets closer to its actual sale. If it lands in the upper end of that range, Alibaba could easily eclipse Facebook’s $16 billion, making it the largest Internet IPO in history. The biggest IPO of any type on record was done by the Agricultural Bank of China, which raised $22.1 billion, according to the Wall Street Journal.

Whatever valuation Alibaba lands on, the IPO is expected to be a windfall for Yahoo. Marissa Mayer’s company holds a 22.6 percent stake in the Chinese e-commerce platform and plans to sell a chunk of that in the public offering. Depending on Alibaba’s valuation, that deal could hand Yahoo a $10 billion to $15 billion pile of cash.

Nick Bilton looks at just how huge the company is:

As of 2013, it had 231 million active users across its services, including Alibaba.com, a site where small businesses sell goods to companies abroad, and Tmall.com, a site on which Western companies like Apple and Nike market their products. Each active user, according to the company, makes 49 purchases a year. All told, the company said it now processed more than 11 billion orders a year. …

With its scale, Alibaba has generated lots of jobs. At the end of last year, Alibaba said it had 20,884 full-time employees — all of whom were located in China. Facebook, in comparison, has 6,818. As for the value of the company itself, Alibaba is expected to have a share price that could value the company at roughly $200 billion. (Amazon.com is valued at $137 billion; Facebook is valued at $150 billion.)

All the big numbers in Alibaba’s prospectus reveal how much potential there is to grow in China, a market which the company thinks hasn’t been fully tapped yet. Alibaba said that only 618 million people use the Internet in a country of 1.35 billion people. Of those, 302 million shop online. The company also has potential to increase its mobile users; 500 million people are connected to the Internet using mobile devices.

But Bershidsky doubts that Alibaba, whose success in China depends partly on state largesse, will make much headway internationally:

The charming story of English teacher Jack Ma setting up Alibaba in a small apartment must be understood in the context of Beijing’s efforts to help the company thrive and expand. Alibaba’s cloud division, in particular, has benefited from government funding under a special five-year plan to boost cloud-computing development. The division accounted for about 1.4 percent of Alibaba’s revenue in the nine months to Dec. 31.

The Chinese national champions’ business is mainly local. As Ma himself said about eBay more than 10 years ago, “EBay is a shark in the ocean. We are a crocodile in the Yangtze River. If we fight in the ocean, we will lose. But if we fight in the river, we will win.”

John Aziz, on the other hand, thinks that Alibaba has great potential even without the hoped-for international reach:

The really exciting thing for Alibaba is that China is still a market where the majority of people don’t even have internet access yet (just 42 percent had it at the end of 2013 compared to 81 percent in the U.S.). China is still rapidly industrializing, and millions of people are still moving from the countryside into the cities, providing a huge amount of room for Alibaba to grow in China.

Jack Ma, Alibaba’s founder, named the company Alibaba based on his impression that it was a name that could be recognized globally, by people from India, Germany, Japan, China, the United States, and so on. His ambitions have always been global. And Alibaba’s original business model was about connecting manufacturers in China to firms in the West. Whether the obvious love Chinese consumers have for Alibaba’s services can translate to Western consumers remains to be seen. But expect to see much, much more of them in the coming years.